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Medium Discourses Collection 82 – Majjhima Nikāya 82
MN 82 With Raṭṭhapāla – Raṭṭhapālasutta
1.1
So I have heard.
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—
1.2
At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kurus together with a large Saṅgha of bhikkhū when he arrived at a town of the Kurus named Thullakoṭṭhita.
ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kurūsu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ yena thullakoṭṭhikaṁ nāma kurūnaṁ nigamo tadavasari.
2.1
The brahmins and householders of Thullakoṭṭhita heard:
Assosuṁ kho thullakoṭṭhikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:
2.2
“It seems the ascetic Gotama—a Sakyan, gone forth from a Sakyan family—has arrived at Thullakoṭṭhita, together with a large Saṅgha of bhikkhū.
“samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kurūsu cārikaṁ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ thullakoṭṭhikaṁ anuppatto.
2.3
He has this good reputation:
Taṁ kho pana bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ evaṁ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato:
2.4
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.
2.5
He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras and Brahmās, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others.
So imaṁ lokaṁ sadevakaṁ samārakaṁ sabrahmakaṁ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ pajaṁ sadevamanussaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti.
2.6
He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.
So dhammaṁ deseti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāseti.
2.7
It’s good to see such perfected ones.”
Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṁ arahataṁ dassanaṁ hotī”ti.
3.1
Then the brahmins and householders of Thullakoṭṭhita went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent.
Atha kho thullakoṭṭhikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.
3.2
When they were seated, the Buddha educated, encouraged, fired up, and inspired them with a Dhamma talk.
Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho thullakoṭṭhike brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṁsesi.
4.1
Now at that time a gentleman named Raṭṭhapāla, the son of the leading clan in Thullakoṭṭhita, was sitting in the assembly.
Tena kho pana samayena raṭṭhapālo nāma kulaputto tasmiṁyeva thullakoṭṭhike aggakulassa putto tissaṁ parisāyaṁ nisinno hoti.
4.2
He thought,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa etadahosi:
4.3
“As I understand the Buddha’s teachings, it’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell.
“yathā yathā khvāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, nayidaṁ sukaraṁ agāraṁ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṁ ekantaparisuddhaṁ saṅkhalikhitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carituṁ.
4.4
Why don’t I shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from lay life to homelessness?”
Yannūnāhaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajeyyan”ti.
5.1
Then, having approved and agreed with what the Buddha said, the brahmins and householders of Thullakoṭṭhita got up from their seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on their right, before leaving.
Atha kho thullakoṭṭhikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṁsitā bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkamiṁsu.
6.1
Soon after they left, Raṭṭhapāla went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto acirapakkantesu thullakoṭṭhikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikesu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
6.2
“Sir, as I understand the Buddha’s teachings, it’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell.
“yathā yathāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, nayidaṁ sukaraṁ agāraṁ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṁ ekantaparisuddhaṁ saṅkhalikhitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carituṁ.
6.3
I wish to shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.
Icchāmahaṁ, bhante, kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajituṁ.
6.4
Sir, may I receive the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence?
Labheyyāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṁ, labheyyaṁ upasampadaṁ.
6.5
May the Buddha please give me the going forth!”
Pabbājetu maṁ bhagavā”ti.
6.6
“But, Raṭṭhapāla, do you have your parents’ permission?”
“Anuññātosi pana tvaṁ, raṭṭhapāla, mātāpitūhi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?
6.7
“No, sir.”
“Na khohaṁ, bhante, anuññāto mātāpitūhi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti.
6.8
“Raṭṭhapāla, Buddhas don’t give the going forth to the child of parents who haven’t given their permission.”
“Na kho, raṭṭhapāla, tathāgatā ananuññātaṁ mātāpitūhi puttaṁ pabbājentī”ti.
6.9
“I’ll make sure, sir, to get my parents’ permission.”
“Svāhaṁ, bhante, tathā karissāmi yathā maṁ mātāpitaro anujānissanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti.
7.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha. Then he went to his parents and said,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yena mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā mātāpitaro etadavoca:
7.2
“Mum and dad, as I understand the Buddha’s teachings, it’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell.
“ammatātā, yathā yathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, nayidaṁ sukaraṁ agāraṁ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṁ ekantaparisuddhaṁ saṅkhalikhitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carituṁ.
7.3
I wish to shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.
Icchāmahaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajituṁ.
7.4
Please give me permission to go forth.”
Anujānātha maṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti.
7.5
When he said this, Raṭṭhapāla’s parents said to him,
Evaṁ vutte, raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa mātāpitaro raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ:
7.6
“But, dear Raṭṭhapāla, you’re our only child. Youʼre dear to us and we love you. You’re dainty and raised in comfort.
“tvaṁ khosi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, amhākaṁ ekaputtako piyo manāpo sukhedhito sukhaparibhato.
7.7
You know nothing of suffering.
Na tvaṁ, tāta raṭṭhapāla, kassaci dukkhassa jānāsi.
7.8
When you die we will lose you against our wishes.
(…) Maraṇenapi te mayaṁ akāmakā vinā bhavissāma.
7.9
So how can we allow you to go forth while you’re still alive?”
Kiṁ pana mayaṁ taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?
7.10
For a second time,
Dutiyampi kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto …pe…
7.11
and a third time, Raṭṭhapāla asked his parents for permission, but got the same reply.
tatiyampi kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto mātāpitaro etadavoca:
7.12
“ammatātā, yathā yathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, nayidaṁ sukaraṁ agāraṁ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṁ ekantaparisuddhaṁ saṅkhalikhitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carituṁ.
7.13
Icchāmahaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajituṁ.
7.14
Anujānātha maṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti.
7.15
Tatiyampi kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa mātāpitaro raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ:
7.16
“tvaṁ khosi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, amhākaṁ ekaputtako piyo manāpo sukhedhito sukhaparibhato.
7.17
Na tvaṁ, tāta raṭṭhapāla, kassaci dukkhassa jānāsi.
7.18
Maraṇenapi te mayaṁ akāmakā vinā bhavissāma.
7.19
Kiṁ pana mayaṁ taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?
7.20
Then Raṭṭhapāla thought,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto:
7.21
“My parents don’t allow me to go forth.” He laid down there on the bare ground, saying,
“na maṁ mātāpitaro anujānanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti tattheva anantarahitāya bhūmiyā nipajji:
7.22
“I’ll either die right here or go forth.”
“idheva me maraṇaṁ bhavissati pabbajjā vā”ti.
7.23
And he refused to eat, up to the seventh meal.
Atha kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto ekampi bhattaṁ na bhuñji, dvepi bhattāni na bhuñji, tīṇipi bhattāni na bhuñji, cattāripi bhattāni na bhuñji, pañcapi bhattāni na bhuñji, chapi bhattāni na bhuñji, sattapi bhattāni na bhuñji.
8.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s parents said to him,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa mātāpitaro raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ:
8.2
“Dear Raṭṭhapāla, youʼre our only child. You’re dear to us and we love you. You’re dainty and raised in comfort.
“tvaṁ khosi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, amhākaṁ ekaputtako piyo manāpo sukhedhito sukhaparibhato.
8.3
You know nothing of suffering.
Na tvaṁ, tāta raṭṭhapāla, kassaci, dukkhassa jānāsi.
8.4
When you die we will lose you against our wishes.
Maraṇenapi te mayaṁ akāmakā vinā bhavissāma.
8.5
So how can we allow you to go forth from lay life to homelessness while youʼre still living?
Kiṁ pana mayaṁ taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
8.6
Get up, Raṭṭhapāla! Eat, drink, and amuse yourself.
Uṭṭhehi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, bhuñja ca piva ca paricārehi ca;
8.7
While enjoying sensual pleasures, delight in making merit.
bhuñjanto pivanto paricārento kāme paribhuñjanto puññāni karonto abhiramassu.
8.8
We don’t allow you to go forth.
Na taṁ mayaṁ anujānāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
8.9
When you die we will lose you against our wishes.
Maraṇenapi te mayaṁ akāmakā vinā bhavissāma.
8.10
So how can we allow you to go forth while you’re still alive?”
Kiṁ pana mayaṁ taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?
8.11
When they said this, Raṭṭhapāla kept silent.
Evaṁ vutte, raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tuṇhī ahosi.
8.12
For a second time,
Dutiyampi kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa mātāpitaro raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ …pe…
8.13
dutiyampi kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tuṇhī ahosi.
8.14
and a third time, Raṭṭhapāla’s parents made the same request.
Tatiyampi kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa mātāpitaro raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ:
8.15
“tvaṁ khosi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, amhākaṁ ekaputtako piyo manāpo sukhedhito sukhaparibhato.
8.16
Na tvaṁ, tāta raṭṭhapāla, kassaci dukkhassa jānāsi.
8.17
Maraṇenapi te mayaṁ akāmakā vinā bhavissāma, kiṁ pana mayaṁ taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
8.18
Uṭṭhehi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, bhuñja ca piva ca paricārehi ca;
8.19
bhuñjanto pivanto paricārento kāme paribhuñjanto puññāni karonto abhiramassu.
8.20
Na taṁ mayaṁ anujānāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
8.21
Maraṇenapi te mayaṁ akāmakā vinā bhavissāma.
8.22
Kiṁ pana mayaṁ taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissāma agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?
9.1
And for a third time, Raṭṭhapāla kept silent. Raṭṭhapāla’s parents then went to see his friends. They told them of the situation and asked for their help.
Tatiyampi kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tuṇhī ahosi.
10.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s friends went to him and said,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa sahāyakā yena raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ:
10.2
“Our friend Raṭṭhapāla, you are your parents’ only child. Youʼre dear to them and they love you. You’re dainty and raised in comfort.
“tvaṁ khosi, samma raṭṭhapāla, mātāpitūnaṁ ekaputtako piyo manāpo sukhedhito sukhaparibhato.
10.3
You know nothing of suffering.
Na tvaṁ, samma raṭṭhapāla, kassaci dukkhassa jānāsi.
10.4
When you die your parents will lose you against their wishes.
Maraṇenapi te mātāpitaro akāmakā vinā bhavissanti.
10.5
So how can they allow you to go forth while you’re still alive?
Kiṁ pana te taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
10.6
Get up, Raṭṭhapāla! Eat, drink, and amuse yourself.
Uṭṭhehi, samma raṭṭhapāla, bhuñja ca piva ca paricārehi ca;
10.7
While enjoying sensual pleasures, delight in making merit.
bhuñjanto pivanto paricārento kāme paribhuñjanto puññāni karonto abhiramassu.
10.8
Your parents will not allow you to go forth.
Na taṁ mātāpitaro anujānissanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
10.9
When you die your parents will lose you against their wishes.
Maraṇenapi te mātāpitaro akāmakā vinā bhavissanti.
10.10
So how can they allow you to go forth while you’re still alive?”
Kiṁ pana te taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?
10.11
When they said this, Raṭṭhapāla kept silent.
Evaṁ vutte, raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tuṇhī ahosi.
10.12
For a second time,
Dutiyampi kho …
10.13
and a third time, Raṭṭhapāla’s friends made the same request.
tatiyampi kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa sahāyakā raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ:
10.14
“tvaṁ khosi, samma raṭṭhapāla, mātāpitūnaṁ ekaputtako piyo manāpo sukhedhito sukhaparibhato, na tvaṁ, samma raṭṭhapāla, kassaci dukkhassa jānāsi, maraṇenapi te mātāpitaro akāmakā vinā bhavissanti.
10.15
Kiṁ pana te taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya?
10.16
Uṭṭhehi, samma raṭṭhapāla, bhuñja ca piva ca paricārehi ca, bhuñjanto pivanto paricārento kāme paribhuñjanto puññāni karonto abhiramassu.
10.17
Na taṁ mātāpitaro anujānissanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya, maraṇenapi te mātāpitaro akāmakā vinā bhavissanti.
10.18
Kiṁ pana te taṁ jīvantaṁ anujānissanti agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?
10.19
And for a third time, Raṭṭhapāla kept silent.
Tatiyampi kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tuṇhī ahosi.
11.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s friends went to his parents and said,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa sahāyakā yena raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa mātāpitaro tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa mātāpitaro etadavocuṁ:
11.2
“Mum and dad, Raṭṭhapāla is lying there on the bare ground saying:
“ammatātā, eso raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tattheva anantarahitāya bhūmiyā nipanno:
11.3
‘I’ll either die right here or go forth.’
‘idheva me maraṇaṁ bhavissati pabbajjā vā’ti.
11.4
If you donʼt allow him to go forth, he’ll die there.
Sace tumhe raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ nānujānissatha agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya, tattheva maraṇaṁ āgamissati.
11.5
But if you do allow him to go forth, you’ll see him again afterwards.
Sace pana tumhe raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ anujānissatha agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya, pabbajitampi naṁ dakkhissatha.
11.6
And if he doesnʼt enjoy the renunciate life, where else will he have to go? He’ll come right back here.
Sace raṭṭhapālo kulaputto nābhiramissati agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya, kā tassa aññā gati bhavissati? Idheva paccāgamissati.
11.7
Please give Raṭṭhapāla permission to go forth.”
Anujānātha raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti.
11.8
“Then, dears, we give Raṭṭhapāla permission to go forth.
“Anujānāma, tātā, raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
11.9
But once gone forth he must visit his parents.”
Pabbajitena ca pana mātāpitaro uddassetabbā”ti.
11.10
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s friends went to him and said,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa sahāyakā yena raṭṭhapālo kulaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā raṭṭhapālaṁ kulaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ:
11.11
“Get up, Raṭṭhapāla! Your parents have given you permission to go forth from lay life to homelessness.
“uṭṭhehi, samma raṭṭhapāla, anuññātosi mātāpitūhi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
11.12
But once gone forth you must visit your parents.”
Pabbajitena ca pana te mātāpitaro uddassetabbā”ti.
12.1
Raṭṭhapāla got up and regained his strength. He went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,
Atha kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto uṭṭhahitvā balaṁ gāhetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
12.2
“Sir, I have my parentsʼ permission to go forth from the lay life to homelessness.
“anuññāto ahaṁ, bhante, mātāpitūhi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāya.
12.3
May the Buddha please give me the going forth.”
Pabbājetu maṁ bhagavā”ti.
13.1
And Raṭṭhapāla received the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence.
Alattha kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto bhagavato santike pabbajjaṁ, alattha upasampadaṁ.
13.2
Not long after Venerable Raṭṭhapāla’s ordination, a fortnight later, the Buddha—having stayed in Thullakoṭṭhita as long as he wished—set out for Sāvatthī.
Atha kho bhagavā acirūpasampanne āyasmante raṭṭhapāle aḍḍhamāsupasampanne thullakoṭṭhike yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi.
13.3
Traveling stage by stage, he arrived at Sāvatthī,
Anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari.
13.4
where he stayed in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.
Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
14.1
Then Venerable Raṭṭhapāla, living alone, withdrawn, diligent, keen, and resolute, soon realized the supreme end of the spiritual path in this very life. He lived having achieved with his own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva—yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi.
14.2
He understood: “Rebirth is ended; the spiritual journey has been completed; what had to be done has been done; there is no return to any state of existence.”
“Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā”ti abbhaññāsi.
14.3
And Venerable Raṭṭhapāla became one of the perfected.
Aññataro kho panāyasmā raṭṭhapālo arahataṁ ahosi.
15.1
Then he went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
15.2
“Sir, I’d like to visit my parents, if the Buddha allows it.”
“icchāmahaṁ, bhante, mātāpitaro uddassetuṁ, sace maṁ bhagavā anujānātī”ti.
15.3
Then the Buddha focused on comprehending Raṭṭhapāla’s mind.
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa cetasā ceto paricca manasākāsi.
15.4
When he knew that
Yathā bhagavā aññāsi:
15.5
it was impossible for Raṭṭhapāla to resign the training and return to a lesser life, he said,
“abhabbo kho raṭṭhapālo kulaputto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattitun”ti, atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ etadavoca:
15.6
“Please, Raṭṭhapāla, go at your convenience.”
“yassadāni tvaṁ, raṭṭhapāla, kālaṁ maññasī”ti.
16.1
And then Raṭṭhapāla got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right. Then he set his lodgings in order and, taking his bowl and robe, set out for Thullakoṭṭhita.
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā senāsanaṁ saṁsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena thullakoṭṭhikaṁ tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi.
16.2
Traveling stage by stage, he arrived at Thullakoṭṭhika,
Anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena thullakoṭṭhiko tadavasari.
16.3
where he stayed in King Koravya’s deer range.
Tatra sudaṁ āyasmā raṭṭhapālo thullakoṭṭhike viharati rañño korabyassa migacīre.
16.4
Then Raṭṭhapāla robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Thullakoṭṭhita for alms.
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya thullakoṭṭhikaṁ piṇḍāya pāvisi.
16.5
Wandering indiscriminately for almsfood, he approached his own father’s house.
Thullakoṭṭhike sapadānaṁ piṇḍāya caramāno yena sakapitu nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami.
17.1
Now at that time Raṭṭhapāla’s father was having his hair dressed in the hall of the middle gate.
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā majjhimāya dvārasālāya ullikhāpeti.
17.2
He saw Raṭṭhapāla coming off in the distance
Addasā kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ.
17.3
and said,
Disvāna etadavoca:
17.4
“Our dear and beloved only son was made to go forth by these shavelings, these fake ascetics!”
“imehi muṇḍakehi samaṇakehi amhākaṁ ekaputtako piyo manāpo pabbājito”ti.
17.5
And at his own father’s home Raṭṭhapāla received neither alms nor a polite refusal,
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo sakapitu nivesane neva dānaṁ alattha na paccakkhānaṁ;
17.6
but only abuse.
aññadatthu akkosameva alattha.
18.1
Now at that time a family bondservant wanted to throw away the previous night’s porridge.
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa ñātidāsī ābhidosikaṁ kummāsaṁ chaḍḍetukāmā hoti.
18.2
So Raṭṭhapāla said to her,
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo taṁ ñātidāsiṁ etadavoca:
18.3
“If that’s to be thrown away, sister, pour it here in my bowl.”
“sacetaṁ, bhagini, chaḍḍanīyadhammaṁ, idha me patte ākirā”ti.
18.4
As she was pouring the porridge into his bowl, she recognized the features of his hands, feet, and voice.
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa ñātidāsī taṁ ābhidosikaṁ kummāsaṁ āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa patte ākirantī hatthānañca pādānañca sarassa ca nimittaṁ aggahesi.
18.5
She then went to his mother and said,
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa ñātidāsī yenāyasmato raṭṭhapālassa mātā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa mātaraṁ etadavoca:
18.6
“Please, madam, you should know this.
“yaggheyye, jāneyyāsi:
18.7
Master Raṭṭhapāla has arrived.”
‘ayyaputto raṭṭhapālo anuppatto’”ti.
18.8
“Wow! If you speak the truth, I’ll make you a free woman!”
“Sace, je, saccaṁ bhaṇasi, adāsiṁ taṁ karomī”ti.
18.9
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s mother went to his father and said,
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa mātā yenāyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitaraṁ etadavoca:
18.10
“Please householder, you should know this.
“yagghe, gahapati, jāneyyāsi:
18.11
It seems our son Raṭṭhapāla has arrived.”
‘raṭṭhapālo kira kulaputto anuppatto’”ti?
19.1
Now at that time Raṭṭhapāla was eating last night’s porridge by a wall.
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā raṭṭhapālo taṁ ābhidosikaṁ kummāsaṁ aññataraṁ kuṭṭamūlaṁ nissāya paribhuñjati.
19.2
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s father went up to him and said,
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā yenāyasmā raṭṭhapālo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ etadavoca:
19.3
“Dear Raṭṭhapāla! There’s … and youʼll be eating last night’s porridge!
“atthi nāma, tāta raṭṭhapāla, ābhidosikaṁ kummāsaṁ paribhuñjissasi?
19.4
Why not go to your own home?”
Nanu, tāta raṭṭhapāla, sakaṁ gehaṁ gantabban”ti?
19.5
“Householder, how could those of us who have gone forth from the lay life to homelessness have a house?
“Kuto no, gahapati, amhākaṁ gehaṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitānaṁ?
19.6
We’re homeless, householder.
Anagārā mayaṁ, gahapati.
19.7
I came to your house, but there I received neither alms nor a polite refusal,
Agamamha kho te, gahapati, gehaṁ, tattha neva dānaṁ alatthamha na paccakkhānaṁ;
19.8
but only abuse.”
aññadatthu akkosameva alatthamhā”ti.
19.9
“Come, dear Raṭṭhapāla, let’s go to the house.”
“Ehi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, gharaṁ gamissāmā”ti.
19.10
“Enough, householder. My meal is finished for today.”
“Alaṁ, gahapati, kataṁ me ajja bhattakiccaṁ”.
19.11
“Well then, dear Raṭṭhapāla, please accept tomorrow’s meal from me.”
“Tena hi, tāta raṭṭhapāla, adhivāsehi svātanāya bhattan”ti.
19.12
Raṭṭhapāla consented in silence.
Adhivāsesi kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo tuṇhībhāvena.
20.1
Then, knowing that Raṭṭhapāla had consented, his father went back to his own house. He made a heap of gold coins and bullion and hid it under mats. Then he addressed Raṭṭhapāla’s former wives,
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa adhivāsanaṁ viditvā yena sakaṁ nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā mahantaṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa puñjaṁ kārāpetvā kilañjehi paṭicchādetvā āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa purāṇadutiyikā āmantesi:
20.2
“Please, daughters-in-law, adorn yourselves in the way that our son Raṭṭhapāla found you most adorable.”
“etha tumhe, vadhuyo, yena alaṅkārena alaṅkatā pubbe raṭṭhapālassa kulaputtassa piyā hotha manāpā tena alaṅkārena alaṅkarothā”ti.
21.1
And when the night had passed Raṭṭhapāla’s father had a variety of delicious foods prepared in his own home, and announced the time to the Venerable Raṭṭhapāla, saying,
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ paṭiyādāpetvā āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa kālaṁ ārocesi:
21.2
“Sir, it’s time. The meal is ready.”
“kālo, tāta raṭṭhapāla, niṭṭhitaṁ bhattan”ti.
22.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to his father’s home, and sat down on the seat spread out. Raṭṭhapāla’s father, revealing the heap of gold coins and bullion, said to him,
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sakapitu nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā taṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa puñjaṁ vivarāpetvā āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ etadavoca:
22.2
“Dear Raṭṭhapāla, this is your maternal fortune. There’s another paternal fortune, and an ancestral one.
“idaṁ te, tāta raṭṭhapāla, mātu mattikaṁ dhanaṁ, aññaṁ pettikaṁ, aññaṁ pitāmahaṁ.
22.3
You can both enjoy your wealth and make merit.
Sakkā, tāta raṭṭhapāla, bhoge ca bhuñjituṁ puññāni ca kātuṁ.
22.4
Come, return to a lesser life, enjoy wealth, and make merit!”
Ehi tvaṁ, tāta raṭṭhapāla, hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjassu puññāni ca karohī”ti.
22.5
“If you’d follow my advice, householder, you’d have this heap of gold loaded on a cart and carried away to be dumped in the middle of the Ganges river.
“Sace me tvaṁ, gahapati, vacanaṁ kareyyāsi, imaṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa puñjaṁ sakaṭe āropetvā nibbāhāpetvā majjhegaṅgāya nadiyā sote opilāpeyyāsi.
22.6
Why is that?
Taṁ kissa hetu?
22.7
Because this will bring you nothing but sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.”
Ye uppajjissanti hi te, gahapati, tatonidānaṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā”ti.
23.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s former wives each clasped his feet and said,
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa purāṇadutiyikā paccekaṁ pādesu gahetvā āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ etadavocuṁ:
23.2
“What are they like, master, the nymphs for whom you lead the spiritual life?”
“kīdisā nāma tā, ayyaputta, accharāyo yāsaṁ tvaṁ hetu brahmacariyaṁ carasī”ti?
23.3
“Sisters, I don’t lead the spiritual life for the sake of nymphs.”
“Na kho mayaṁ, bhaginī, accharānaṁ hetu brahmacariyaṁ carāmā”ti.
23.4
Saying, “Our master Raṭṭhapāla addresses us as sisters!” they fainted right away.
“Bhaginivādena no ayyaputto raṭṭhapālo samudācaratī”ti tā tattheva mucchitā papatiṁsu.
24.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla said to his father,
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo pitaraṁ etadavoca:
24.2
“If there is food to be given, householder, please give it.
“sace, gahapati, bhojanaṁ dātabbaṁ, detha;
24.3
But don’t harass me.”
mā no viheṭhethā”ti.
24.4
“Eat, dear Raṭṭhapāla. The meal is ready.”
“Bhuñja, tāta raṭṭhapāla, niṭṭhitaṁ bhattan”ti.
24.5
Then Raṭṭhapāla’s father served and satisfied Venerable Raṭṭhapāla with his own hands with a variety of delicious foods.
Atha kho āyasmato raṭṭhapālassa pitā āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi.
24.6
When he had eaten and washed his hand and bowl, he recited this verse while standing right there:
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo bhuttāvī onītapattapāṇī ṭhitakova imā gāthā abhāsi:
25.1
“See this fancy puppet,
“Passa cittīkataṁ bimbaṁ,
25.2
a body built of sores,
arukāyaṁ samussitaṁ;
25.3
diseased, obsessed over,
Āturaṁ bahusaṅkappaṁ,
25.4
in which nothing lasts at all.
yassa natthi dhuvaṁ ṭhiti.
25.5
See this fancy figure,
Passa cittīkataṁ rūpaṁ,
25.6
with its gems and earrings;
maṇinā kuṇḍalena ca;
25.7
it is bones wrapped in skin,
Aṭṭhi tacena onaddhaṁ,
25.8
made pretty by its clothes.
saha vatthebhi sobhati.
25.9
Rouged feet
Alattakakatā pādā,
25.10
and powdered face
mukhaṁ cuṇṇakamakkhitaṁ;
25.11
may be enough to beguile a fool,
Alaṁ bālassa mohāya,
25.12
but not a seeker of the far shore.
no ca pāragavesino.
25.13
Hair in eight braids
Aṭṭhāpadakatā kesā,
25.14
and eyeliner
nettā añjanamakkhitā;
25.15
may be enough to beguile a fool,
Alaṁ bālassa mohāya,
25.16
but not a seeker of the far shore.
no ca pāragavesino.
25.17
A rotting body all adorned
Añjanīva navā cittā,
25.18
like a freshly painted makeup box
pūtikāyo alaṅkato;
25.19
may be enough to beguile a fool,
Alaṁ bālassa mohāya,
25.20
but not a seeker of the far shore.
no ca pāragavesino.
25.21
The hunter laid his snare,
Odahi migavo pāsaṁ,
25.22
but the deer didn’t spring the trap.
nāsadā vākaraṁ migo;
25.23
I’ve eaten the bait and now I go,
Bhutvā nivāpaṁ gacchāma,
25.24
leaving the trapper to lament.”
kandante migabandhake”ti.
26.1
Then Raṭṭhapāla, having recited this verse while standing, went to King Koravya’s deer range and sat at the root of a tree for the day’s meditation.
Atha kho āyasmā raṭṭhapālo ṭhitakova imā gāthā bhāsitvā yena rañño korabyassa migacīraṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle divāvihāraṁ nisīdi.
27.1
Then King Koravya addressed his gamekeeper,
Atha kho rājā korabyo migavaṁ āmantesi:
27.2
“My good gamekeeper, tidy up the park of the deer range.
“sodhehi, samma migava, migacīraṁ uyyānabhūmiṁ;
27.3
We will go to see the scenery.”
gacchāma subhūmiṁ dassanāyā”ti.
27.4
“Yes, Your Majesty,” replied the gamekeeper. While tidying the deer range he saw Raṭṭhapāla sitting in meditation.
“Evaṁ, devā”ti kho migavo rañño korabyassa paṭissutvā migacīraṁ sodhento addasa āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle divāvihāraṁ nisinnaṁ.
27.5
Seeing this, he went to the king, and said,
Disvāna yena rājā korabyo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṁ korabyaṁ etadavoca:
27.6
“The deer range is tidy, sire.
“suddhaṁ kho te, deva, migacīraṁ.
27.7
And the gentleman named Raṭṭhapāla, the son of the leading clan in Thullakoṭṭhita, of whom you have often spoken highly, is meditating there at the root of a tree.”
Atthi cettha raṭṭhapālo nāma kulaputto imasmiṁyeva thullakoṭṭhike aggakulassa putto yassa tvaṁ abhiṇhaṁ kittayamāno ahosi, so aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle divāvihāraṁ nisinno”ti.
27.8
“Well then, my good gamekeeper, that’s enough of the park for today.
“Tena hi, samma migava, alaṁ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā.
27.9
Now I shall pay homage to the Master Raṭṭhapāla.”
Tameva dāni mayaṁ bhavantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ payirupāsissāmā”ti.
28.1
And then King Koravya said, “Give away all the different foods that have been prepared there.” He had the finest carriages harnessed. Then he mounted a fine carriage and, along with other fine carriages, set out in full royal pomp from Thullakoṭṭhita to see Raṭṭhapāla.
Atha kho rājā korabyo “yaṁ tattha khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ paṭiyattaṁ taṁ sabbaṁ vissajjethā”ti vatvā bhadrāni bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṁ yānaṁ abhiruhitvā bhadrehi bhadrehi yānehi thullakoṭṭhikamhā niyyāsi mahaccarājānubhāvena āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ dassanāya.
28.2
He went by carriage as far as the terrain allowed, then descended and approached Raṭṭhapāla on foot, together with a group of eminent officials. They exchanged greetings, and, when the greetings and polite conversation were over, he stood to one side, and said to Raṭṭhapāla:
Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova ussaṭāya ussaṭāya parisāya yenāyasmā raṭṭhapālo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā raṭṭhapālena saddhiṁ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṁ ṭhito kho rājā korabyo āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ etadavoca:
28.3
“Here, Master Raṭṭhapāla, sit on this elephant rug.”
“idha bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo hatthatthare nisīdatū”ti.
28.4
“Enough, great king, you sit on it.
“Alaṁ, mahārāja, nisīda tvaṁ;
28.5
I’m sitting on my own seat.”
nisinno ahaṁ sake āsane”ti.
28.6
So the king sat down on the seat spread out, and said:
Nisīdi rājā korabyo paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho rājā korabyo āyasmantaṁ raṭṭhapālaṁ etadavoca:
29.1
“Master Raṭṭhapāla, there are these four kinds of decay. Because of these, some people shave off their hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.
“Cattārimāni, bho raṭṭhapāla, pārijuññāni yehi pārijuññehi samannāgatā idhekacce kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti.
29.2
What four?
Katamāni cattāri?
29.3
Decay due to old age, decay due to sickness, decay of wealth, and decay of relatives.
Jarāpārijuññaṁ, byādhipārijuññaṁ, bhogapārijuññaṁ, ñātipārijuññaṁ.
30.1
And what is decay due to old age?
Katamañca, bho raṭṭhapāla, jarāpārijuññaṁ?
30.2
It’s when someone is old, elderly, and senior, advanced in years, and has reached the final stage of life.
Idha, bho raṭṭhapāla, ekacco jiṇṇo hoti vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto.
30.3
They reflect:
So iti paṭisañcikkhati:
30.4
‘I’m now old, elderly, and senior. I’m advanced in years and have reached the final stage of life.
‘ahaṁ khomhi etarahi jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto.
30.5
It’s not easy for me to acquire more wealth or to increase the wealth I’ve already acquired.
Na kho pana mayā sukaraṁ anadhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ adhigantuṁ adhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.
30.6
Why don’t I shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’
Yannūnāhaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajeyyan’ti.
30.7
So because of that decay due to old age they go forth.
So tena jarāpārijuññena samannāgato kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati.
30.8
This is called decay due to old age.
Idaṁ vuccati, bho raṭṭhapāla, jarāpārijuññaṁ.
30.9
But Master Raṭṭhapāla is now a youth, young, black-haired, blessed with youth, in the prime of life.
Bhavaṁ kho pana raṭṭhapālo etarahi daharo yuvā susukāḷakeso bhadrena yobbanena samannāgato paṭhamena vayasā.
30.10
You have no decay due to old age.
Taṁ bhoto raṭṭhapālassa jarāpārijuññaṁ natthi.
30.11
So what did you know or see or hear that made you go forth?
Kiṁ bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo ñatvā vā disvā vā sutvā vā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito?
31.1
And what is decay due to sickness?
Katamañca, bho raṭṭhapāla, byādhipārijuññaṁ?
31.2
It’s when someone is sick, suffering, gravely ill.
Idha, bho raṭṭhapāla, ekacco ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.
31.3
They reflect:
So iti paṭisañcikkhati:
31.4
‘I’m now sick, suffering, gravely ill.
‘ahaṁ khomhi etarahi ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.
31.5
It’s not easy for me to acquire more wealth or to increase the wealth I’ve already acquired.
Na kho pana mayā sukaraṁ anadhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ adhigantuṁ adhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.
31.6
Why don’t I go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’
Yannūnāhaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajeyyan’ti.
31.7
So because of that decay due to sickness they go forth.
So tena byādhipārijuññena samannāgato kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati.
31.8
This is called decay due to sickness.
Idaṁ vuccati, bho raṭṭhapāla, byādhipārijuññaṁ.
31.9
But Master Raṭṭhapāla is now rarely ill or unwell. Your stomach digests well, being neither too hot nor too cold.
Bhavaṁ kho pana raṭṭhapālo etarahi appābādho appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya.
31.10
You have no decay due to sickness.
Taṁ bhoto raṭṭhapālassa byādhipārijuññaṁ natthi.
31.11
So what did you know or see or hear that made you go forth?
Kiṁ bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo ñatvā vā disvā vā sutvā vā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito?
32.1
And what is decay of wealth?
Katamañca, bho raṭṭhapāla, bhogapārijuññaṁ?
32.2
It’s when someone is rich, affluent, and wealthy.
Idha, bho raṭṭhapāla, ekacco aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo.
32.3
But gradually their wealth dwindles away.
Tassa te bhogā anupubbena parikkhayaṁ gacchanti.
32.4
They reflect:
So iti paṭisañcikkhati:
32.5
‘I used to be rich, affluent, and wealthy.
‘ahaṁ kho pubbe aḍḍho ahosiṁ mahaddhano mahābhogo.
32.6
But gradually my wealth has dwindled away.
Tassa me te bhogā anupubbena parikkhayaṁ gatā.
32.7
It’s not easy for me to acquire more wealth or to increase the wealth I’ve already acquired.
Na kho pana mayā sukaraṁ anadhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ adhigantuṁ adhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.
32.8
Why don’t I go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’
Yannūnāhaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajeyyan’ti.
32.9
So because of that decay of wealth they go forth.
So tena bhogapārijuññena samannāgato kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati.
32.10
This is called decay of wealth.
Idaṁ vuccati, bho raṭṭhapāla, bhogapārijuññaṁ.
32.11
But Master Raṭṭhapāla is the son of the leading clan here in Thullakoṭṭhita.
Bhavaṁ kho pana raṭṭhapālo imasmiṁyeva thullakoṭṭhike aggakulassa putto.
32.12
You have no decay of wealth.
Taṁ bhoto raṭṭhapālassa bhogapārijuññaṁ natthi.
32.13
So what did you know or see or hear that made you go forth?
Kiṁ bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo ñatvā vā disvā vā sutvā vā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito?
33.1
And what is decay of relatives?
Katamañca, bho raṭṭhapāla, ñātipārijuññaṁ?
33.2
It’s when someone has many friends and colleagues, relatives and kin.
Idha, bho raṭṭhapāla, ekaccassa bahū honti mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā.
33.3
But gradually their relatives dwindle away.
Tassa te ñātakā anupubbena parikkhayaṁ gacchanti.
33.4
They reflect:
So iti paṭisañcikkhati:
33.5
‘I used to have many friends and colleagues, relatives and kin.
‘mamaṁ kho pubbe bahū ahesuṁ mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā.
33.6
But gradually they’ve dwindled away.
Tassa me te anupubbena parikkhayaṁ gatā.
33.7
It’s not easy for me to acquire more wealth or to increase the wealth I’ve already acquired.
Na kho pana mayā sukaraṁ anadhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ adhigantuṁ adhigataṁ vā bhogaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.
33.8
Why don’t I shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’
Yannūnāhaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajeyyan’ti.
33.9
So because of that decay of relatives they go forth.
So tena ñātipārijuññena samannāgato kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati.
33.10
This is called decay of relatives.
Idaṁ vuccati, bho raṭṭhapāla, ñātipārijuññaṁ.
33.11
But Master Raṭṭhapāla has many friends and colleagues, relatives and kin right here in Thullakoṭṭhita.
Bhoto kho pana raṭṭhapālassa imasmiṁyeva thullakoṭṭhike bahū mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā.
33.12
You have no decay of relatives.
Taṁ bhoto raṭṭhapālassa ñātipārijuññaṁ natthi.
33.13
So what did you know or see or hear that made you go forth?
Kiṁ bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo ñatvā vā disvā vā sutvā vā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito?
34.1
There are these four kinds of decay. Because of these, some people shave off their hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.
Imāni kho, bho raṭṭhapāla, cattāri pārijuññāni, yehi pārijuññehi samannāgatā idhekacce kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti.
34.2
Master Raṭṭhapāla has none of these.
Tāni bhoto raṭṭhapālassa natthi.
34.3
So what did you know or see or hear that made you go forth?”
Kiṁ bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo ñatvā vā disvā vā sutvā vā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito”ti?
35.1
“Great king, the Blessed One who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha has taught these four summaries of the teaching for recitation. It was after knowing and seeing and hearing these that I went forth from the lay life to homelessness.
“Atthi kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro dhammuddesā uddiṭṭhā, ye ahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito.
35.2
What four?
Katame cattāro?
36.1
‘The world is unstable and swept away.’
‘Upaniyyati loko addhuvo’ti
36.2
This is the first summary.
kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena paṭhamo dhammuddeso uddiṭṭho, yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito.
36.3
‘The world has no shelter and no savior.’
‘Atāṇo loko anabhissaro’ti
36.4
This is the second summary.
kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dutiyo dhammuddeso uddiṭṭho, yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito.
36.5
‘The world has no owner—you must leave it all behind and pass on.’
‘Assako loko, sabbaṁ pahāya gamanīyan’ti
36.6
This is the third summary.
kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tatiyo dhammuddeso uddiṭṭho, yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito.
36.7
‘The world is wanting, insatiable, the slave of craving.’
‘Ūno loko atitto taṇhādāso’ti
36.8
This is the fourth summary.
kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena catuttho dhammuddeso uddiṭṭho, yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito.
37.1
The Blessed One who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha taught these four summaries of the teaching. It was after knowing and seeing and hearing these that I went forth from the lay life to homelessness.”
Ime kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro dhammuddesā uddiṭṭhā, ye ahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito”ti.
38.1
“‘The world is unstable and swept away.’
“‘Upaniyyati loko addhuvo’ti—
38.2
So Master Raṭṭhapāla said.
bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo āha.
38.3
How should I see the meaning of this statement?”
Imassa, bho raṭṭhapāla, bhāsitassa kathaṁ attho daṭṭhabbo”ti?
38.4
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
38.5
When you were twenty or twenty-five years of age, were you proficient at riding elephants, horses, and chariots, and at archery and swordsmanship? Were you strong in thigh and arm, capable, and battle-hardened?”
tvaṁ vīsativassuddesikopi paṇṇavīsativassuddesikopi hatthismimpi katāvī assasmimpi katāvī rathasmimpi katāvī dhanusmimpi katāvī tharusmimpi katāvī ūrubalī bāhubalī alamatto saṅgāmāvacaro”ti?
38.6
“I was, Master Raṭṭhapāla.
“Ahosiṁ ahaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, vīsativassuddesikopi paṇṇavīsativassuddesikopi hatthismimpi katāvī assasmimpi katāvī rathasmimpi katāvī dhanusmimpi katāvī tharusmimpi katāvī ūrubalī bāhubalī alamatto saṅgāmāvacaro.
38.7
Sometimes it seems as if I had superpowers then. I don’t see anyone who could have equalled me in strength.”
Appekadāhaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, iddhimāva maññe na attano balena samasamaṁ samanupassāmī”ti.
38.8
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
38.9
These days are you just as strong in thigh and arm, capable, and battle-hardened?”
evameva tvaṁ etarahi ūrubalī bāhubalī alamatto saṅgāmāvacaro”ti?
38.10
“No, Master Raṭṭhapāla.
“No hidaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla.
38.11
For now I am old, elderly, and senior, I’m advanced in years and have reached the final stage of life. I am eighty years old.
Etarahi jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto āsītiko me vayo vattati.
38.12
Sometimes I intend to step in one place, but my foot goes somewhere else.”
Appekadāhaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, ‘idha pādaṁ karissāmī’ti aññeneva pādaṁ karomī”ti.
38.13
“This is what the Buddha was referring to when he said:
“Idaṁ kho taṁ, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sandhāya bhāsitaṁ:
38.14
‘The world is unstable and swept away.’”
‘upaniyyati loko addhuvo’ti,
38.15
yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito”ti.
38.16
“It’s incredible, Master Raṭṭhapāla, it’s amazing,
“Acchariyaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, abbhutaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla.
38.17
how well said this was by the Buddha.
Yāva subhāsitañcidaṁ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena:
38.18
‘upaniyyati loko addhuvo’ti.
38.19
For the world is indeed unstable and swept away.
Upaniyyati hi, bho raṭṭhapāla, loko addhuvo.
39.1
In this royal court you can find divisions of elephants, cavalry, chariots, and infantry. They will serve to defend us from any threats. Yet you said:
Saṁvijjante kho, bho raṭṭhapāla, imasmiṁ rājakule hatthikāyāpi assakāyāpi rathakāyāpi pattikāyāpi, amhākaṁ āpadāsu pariyodhāya vattissanti.
39.2
‘The world has no shelter and no savior.’
‘Atāṇo loko anabhissaro’ti—
39.3
bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo āha.
39.4
How should I see the meaning of this statement?”
Imassa pana, bho raṭṭhapāla, bhāsitassa kathaṁ attho daṭṭhabbo”ti?
39.5
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
39.6
Do you have any chronic ailments?”
atthi te koci anusāyiko ābādho”ti?
39.7
“Yes, I do.
“Atthi me, bho raṭṭhapāla, anusāyiko ābādho.
39.8
Sometimes my friends and colleagues, relatives and family members surround me, thinking:
Appekadā maṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā parivāretvā ṭhitā honti:
39.9
‘Now the king will die! Now the king will die!’”
‘idāni rājā korabyo kālaṁ karissati, idāni rājā korabyo kālaṁ karissatī’”ti.
39.10
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
39.11
Can you get your friends and colleagues, relatives and family members to help:
labhasi tvaṁ te mittāmacce ñātisālohite:
39.12
‘Please, my dear friends and colleagues, relatives and family members, all of you here share my pain so that I may feel less pain.’
‘āyantu me bhonto mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā, sabbeva santā imaṁ vedanaṁ saṁvibhajatha, yathāhaṁ lahukatarikaṁ vedanaṁ vediyeyyan’ti—
39.13
Or must you alone feel that pain?”
udāhu tvaṁyeva taṁ vedanaṁ vediyasī”ti?
39.14
“I can’t get my friends to share my pain.
“Nāhaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, labhāmi te mittāmacce ñātisālohite:
39.15
‘āyantu me bhonto mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā, sabbeva santā imaṁ vedanaṁ saṁvibhajatha, yathāhaṁ lahukatarikaṁ vedanaṁ vediyeyyan’ti.
39.16
Rather, I alone must feel it.”
Atha kho ahameva taṁ vedanaṁ vediyāmī”ti.
39.17
“This is what the Buddha was referring to when he said:
“Idaṁ kho taṁ, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sandhāya bhāsitaṁ:
39.18
‘The world has no shelter and no savior.’”
‘atāṇo loko anabhissaro’ti,
39.19
yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito”ti.
39.20
“It’s incredible, Master Raṭṭhapāla, it’s amazing,
“Acchariyaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, abbhutaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla.
39.21
how well said this was by the Buddha.
Yāva subhāsitaṁ cidaṁ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena:
39.22
‘atāṇo loko anabhissaro’ti.
39.23
For the world indeed has no shelter and no savior.
Atāṇo hi, bho raṭṭhapāla, loko anabhissaro.
40.1
In this royal court you can find abundant gold coin and bullion stored in dungeons and towers. Yet you said:
Saṁvijjati kho, bho raṭṭhapāla, imasmiṁ rājakule pahūtaṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇaṁ bhūmigatañca vehāsagatañca.
40.2
‘The world has no owner—you must leave it all behind and pass on.’
‘Assako loko, sabbaṁ pahāya gamanīyan’ti—
40.3
bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo āha.
40.4
How should I see the meaning of this statement?”
Imassa pana, bho raṭṭhapāla, bhāsitassa kathaṁ attho daṭṭhabbo”ti?
40.5
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
40.6
These days you amuse yourself, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation. But is there any way to ensure that in the next life
yathā tvaṁ etarahi pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāresi, lacchasi tvaṁ paratthāpi:
40.7
you will continue to amuse yourself in the same way, supplied and provided with the same five kinds of sensual stimulation? Or will others make use of this property, while you pass on according to your deeds?”
‘evamevāhaṁ imeheva pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāremī’ti, udāhu aññe imaṁ bhogaṁ paṭipajjissanti, tvaṁ pana yathākammaṁ gamissasī”ti?
40.8
“There’s no way to ensure that I will continue to amuse myself in the same way.
“Yathāhaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, etarahi pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāremi, nāhaṁ lacchāmi paratthāpi:
40.9
‘evameva imeheva pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāremī’ti.
40.10
Rather, others will take over this property, while I pass on according to my deeds.”
Atha kho aññe imaṁ bhogaṁ paṭipajjissanti; ahaṁ pana yathākammaṁ gamissāmī”ti.
40.11
“This is what the Buddha was referring to when he said:
“Idaṁ kho taṁ, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sandhāya bhāsitaṁ:
40.12
‘The world has no owner—you must leave it all behind and pass on.’”
‘assako loko, sabbaṁ pahāya gamanīyan’ti,
40.13
yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito”ti.
40.14
“It’s incredible, Master Raṭṭhapāla, it’s amazing,
“Acchariyaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, abbhutaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla.
40.15
how well said this was by the Buddha.
Yāva subhāsitaṁ cidaṁ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena:
40.16
‘assako loko, sabbaṁ pahāya gamanīyan’ti.
40.17
For the world indeed has no owner—you must leave it all behind and pass on.
Assako hi, bho raṭṭhapāla, loko sabbaṁ pahāya gamanīyaṁ.
41.1
You also said this: ‘The world is wanting, insatiable, the slave of craving.’
‘Ūno loko atitto taṇhādāso’ti—
41.2
bhavaṁ raṭṭhapālo āha.
41.3
How should I see the meaning of this statement?”
Imassa, bho raṭṭhapāla, bhāsitassa kathaṁ attho daṭṭhabbo”ti?
41.4
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
41.5
Do you dwell in the prosperous land of Kuru?”
phītaṁ kuruṁ ajjhāvasasī”ti?
41.6
“Indeed I do.”
“Evaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, phītaṁ kuruṁ ajjhāvasāmī”ti.
41.7
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
41.8
Suppose a trustworthy and reliable man were to come from the east.
idha puriso āgaccheyya puratthimāya disāya saddhāyiko paccayiko.
41.9
He’d approach you and say:
So taṁ upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ vadeyya:
41.10
‘Please sir, you should know this. I come from the east.
‘yagghe, mahārāja, jāneyyāsi, ahaṁ āgacchāmi puratthimāya disāya?
41.11
There I saw a large country that is successful and prosperous and full of people.
Tatthaddasaṁ mahantaṁ janapadaṁ iddhañceva phītañca bahujanaṁ ākiṇṇamanussaṁ.
41.12
They have many divisions of elephants, cavalry, chariots, and infantry.
Bahū tattha hatthikāyā assakāyā rathakāyā pattikāyā;
41.13
And there’s plenty of money and grain,
bahu tattha dhanadhaññaṁ;
41.14
plenty of gold coins and bullion, both worked and unworked,
bahu tattha hiraññasuvaṇṇaṁ akatañceva katañca;
41.15
and plenty of women for the taking.
bahu tattha itthipariggaho.
41.16
With your current forces you can conquer it.
Sakkā ca tāvatakeneva balamattena abhivijinituṁ.
41.17
Conquer it, great king!’ What would you do?”
Abhivijina, mahārājā’ti, kinti naṁ kareyyāsī”ti?
41.18
“I would conquer it and dwell there.”
“Tampi mayaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, abhivijiya ajjhāvaseyyāmā”ti.
41.19
“What do you think, great king?
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, mahārāja,
41.20
Suppose a trustworthy and reliable man were to come from the west,
idha puriso āgaccheyya pacchimāya disāya …
41.21
north,
uttarāya disāya …
41.22
south,
dakkhiṇāya disāya …
41.23
or from over the ocean.
parasamuddato saddhāyiko paccayiko.
41.24
He’d approach you and say the same thing.
So taṁ upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ vadeyya:
41.25
‘yagghe, mahārāja, jāneyyāsi, ahaṁ āgacchāmi parasamuddato?
41.26
Tatthaddasaṁ mahantaṁ janapadaṁ iddhañceva phītañca bahujanaṁ ākiṇṇamanussaṁ.
41.27
Bahū tattha hatthikāyā assakāyā rathakāyā pattikāyā;
41.28
bahu tattha dhanadhaññaṁ;
41.29
bahu tattha hiraññasuvaṇṇaṁ akatañceva katañca;
41.30
bahu tattha itthipariggaho.
41.31
Sakkā ca tāvatakeneva balamattena abhivijinituṁ.
41.32
What would you do?”
Abhivijina, mahārājā’ti, kinti naṁ kareyyāsī”ti?
41.33
“I would conquer it and dwell there.”
“Tampi mayaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, abhivijiya ajjhāvaseyyāmā”ti.
41.34
“This is what the Buddha was referring to when he said:
“Idaṁ kho taṁ, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sandhāya bhāsitaṁ:
41.35
‘The world is wanting, insatiable, the slave of craving.’
‘ūno loko atitto taṇhādāso’ti,
41.36
And it was after knowing and seeing and hearing this that I went forth from the lay life to homelessness.”
yamahaṁ ñatvā ca disvā ca sutvā ca agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito”ti.
41.37
“It’s incredible, Master Raṭṭhapāla, it’s amazing,
“Acchariyaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla, abbhutaṁ, bho raṭṭhapāla.
41.38
how well said this was by the Buddha.
Yāva subhāsitañcidaṁ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena:
41.39
‘ūno loko atitto taṇhādāso’ti.
41.40
For the world is indeed wanting, insatiable, the slave of craving.”
Ūno hi, bho raṭṭhapāla, loko atitto taṇhādāso”ti.
42.1
This is what Venerable Raṭṭhapāla said.
Idamavoca āyasmā raṭṭhapālo.
42.2
Then he went on to say:
Idaṁ vatvā athāparaṁ etadavoca:
42.3
“I see rich people in the world who,
“Passāmi loke sadhane manusse,
42.4
because of delusion, give not the wealth they’ve earned.
Laddhāna vittaṁ na dadanti mohā;
42.5
Greedily, they hoard their riches,
Luddhā dhanaṁ sannicayaṁ karonti,
42.6
yearning for ever more sensual pleasures.
Bhiyyova kāme abhipatthayanti.
42.7
A king who conquered the earth by force,
Rājā pasayhā pathaviṁ vijitvā,
42.8
ruling the land from sea to sea,
Sasāgarantaṁ mahimāvasanto;
42.9
unsatisfied with the near shore of the ocean,
Oraṁ samuddassa atittarūpo,
42.10
would still yearn for the further shore.
Pāraṁ samuddassapi patthayetha.
42.11
Not just the king, but others too,
Rājā ca aññe ca bahū manussā,
42.12
reach death not rid of craving.
Avītataṇhā maraṇaṁ upenti;
42.13
They leave the body still wanting,
Ūnāva hutvāna jahanti dehaṁ,
42.14
for in this world sensual pleasures never satisfy.
Kāmehi lokamhi na hatthi titti.
42.15
Relatives lament, their hair disheveled,
Kandanti naṁ ñātī pakiriya kese,
42.16
saying ‘Ah! Alas! They’re not immortal!’
Ahovatā no amarāti cāhu;
42.17
They take out the body wrapped in a shroud,
Vatthena naṁ pārutaṁ nīharitvā,
42.18
heap up a pyre, and burn it there.
Citaṁ samādāya tatoḍahanti.
42.19
It’s poked with stakes while being burnt,
So ḍayhati sūlehi tujjamāno,
42.20
in just a single cloth, all wealth gone.
Ekena vatthena pahāya bhoge;
42.21
Relatives, friends, and companions
Na mīyamānassa bhavanti tāṇā,
42.22
can’t help you when you’re dying.
Ñātīdha mittā atha vā sahāyā.
42.23
Heirs take your riches,
Dāyādakā tassa dhanaṁ haranti,
42.24
while beings fare on according to their deeds.
Satto pana gacchati yena kammaṁ;
42.25
Riches don’t follow you when you die;
Na mīyamānaṁ dhanamanveti kiñci,
42.26
nor do children, wife, wealth, nor kingdom.
Puttā ca dārā ca dhanañca raṭṭhaṁ.
42.27
Longevity isn’t gained by riches,
Na dīghamāyuṁ labhate dhanena,
42.28
nor does wealth banish old age;
Na cāpi vittena jaraṁ vihanti;
42.29
for the wise say this life is short,
Appaṁ hidaṁ jīvitamāhu dhīrā,
42.30
it’s perishable and not eternal.
Asassataṁ vippariṇāmadhammaṁ.
42.31
The rich and the poor feel its touch;
Aḍḍhā daliddā ca phusanti phassaṁ,
42.32
the fool and the wise feel it too.
Bālo ca dhīro ca tatheva phuṭṭho;
42.33
But the fool lies stricken by their own folly,
Bālo ca bālyā vadhitova seti,
42.34
while the wise don’t tremble at the touch.
Dhīro ca na vedhati phassaphuṭṭho.
42.35
Therefore wisdom’s much better than wealth,
Tasmā hi paññāva dhanena seyyo,
42.36
since by wisdom you reach consummation in this life.
Yāya vosānamidhādhigacchati;
42.37
But if because of delusion you don’t reach consummation,
Abyositattā hi bhavābhavesu,
42.38
you’ll do evil deeds in life after life.
Pāpāni kammāni karonti mohā.
42.39
One who enters a womb and the world beyond,
Upeti gabbhañca parañca lokaṁ,
42.40
will transmigrate from one life to the next.
Saṁsāramāpajja paramparāya;
42.41
While someone of little wisdom, placing faith in them,
Tassappapañño abhisaddahanto,
42.42
also enters a womb and the world beyond.
Upeti gabbhañca parañca lokaṁ.
42.43
As a bandit caught in the door
Coro yathā sandhimukhe gahito,
42.44
is punished for his own bad deeds;
Sakammunā haññati pāpadhammo;
42.45
so after departing, in the world beyond,
Evaṁ pajā pecca paramhi loke,
42.46
people are punished for their own bad deeds.
Sakammunā haññati pāpadhammo.
42.47
Sensual pleasures are diverse, sweet, delightful;
Kāmāhi citrā madhurā manoramā,
42.48
appearing in disguise they disturb the mind.
Virūparūpena mathenti cittaṁ;
42.49
Seeing danger in the many kinds of sensual stimulation,
Ādīnavaṁ kāmaguṇesu disvā,
42.50
I went forth, O King.
Tasmā ahaṁ pabbajitomhi rāja.
42.51
As fruit falls from a tree, so people fall,
Dumapphalāneva patanti māṇavā,
42.52
young and old, when the body breaks up.
Daharā ca vuḍḍhā ca sarīrabhedā;
42.53
Seeing this, too, I went forth, O King;
Etampi disvā pabbajitomhi rāja,
42.54
the ascetic life is guaranteed to be better.”
Apaṇṇakaṁ sāmaññameva seyyo”ti.
42.55
Raṭṭhapālasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dutiyaṁ.