MN 70 At Kīṭāgiri – Kīṭāgirisutta

Medium Discourses Collection 70 – Majjhima Nikāya 70

1.1

So I have heard.

Evaṁ me sutaṁ—

1.2

At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kāsīs together with a large Saṅgha of bhikkhū.

ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kāsīsu cārikaṁ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ.

1.3

There the Buddha addressed the bhikkhū:

Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:

2.1

“Bhikkhū, I abstain from eating at night.

“ahaṁ kho, bhikkhave, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjāmi.

2.2

Doing so, I find that I’m healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.

Aññatra kho panāhaṁ, bhikkhave, rattibhojanā bhuñjamāno appābādhatañca sañjānāmi appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañca.

2.3

You too should abstain from eating at night.

Etha, tumhepi, bhikkhave, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjatha.

2.4

Doing so, you’ll find that you’re healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.”

Aññatra kho pana, bhikkhave, tumhepi rattibhojanā bhuñjamānā appābādhatañca sañjānissatha appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañcā”ti.

2.5

“Yes, sir,” they replied.

“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.

3.1

Then the Buddha, traveling stage by stage in the land of the Kāsīs, arrived at a town of the Kāsīs named Kīṭāgiri,

Atha kho bhagavā kāsīsu anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena kīṭāgiri nāma kāsīnaṁ nigamo tadavasari.

3.2

and stayed there.

Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā kīṭāgirismiṁ viharati kāsīnaṁ nigame.

4.1

Now at that time the bhikkhū who followed Assaji and Punabbasuka were residing at Kīṭāgiri.

Tena kho pana samayena assajipunabbasukā nāma bhikkhū kīṭāgirismiṁ āvāsikā honti.

4.2

Then several bhikkhū went up to them and said,

Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū etadavocuṁ:

4.3

“Reverends, the Buddha abstains from eating at night, and so does the bhikkhu Saṅgha.

“bhagavā kho, āvuso, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjati bhikkhusaṅgho ca.

4.4

Doing so, they find that they’re healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.

Aññatra kho panāvuso, rattibhojanā bhuñjamānā appābādhatañca sañjānanti appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañca.

4.5

You too should abstain from eating at night.

Etha, tumhepi, āvuso, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjatha.

4.6

Doing so, you’ll find that you’re healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.”

Aññatra kho panāvuso, tumhepi rattibhojanā bhuñjamānā appābādhatañca sañjānissatha appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañcā”ti.

4.7

When they said this, the bhikkhū who followed Assaji and Punabbasuka said to them,

Evaṁ vutte, assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ:

4.8

“Reverends, we eat in the evening, the morning, and at the wrong time of day.

“mayaṁ kho, āvuso, sāyañceva bhuñjāma pāto ca divā ca vikāle.

4.9

Doing so, we find that we’re healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.

Te mayaṁ sāyañceva bhuñjamānā pāto ca divā ca vikāle appābādhatañca sañjānāma appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañca.

4.10

Why should we give up what is visible in the present to chase after what takes effect over time?

Te mayaṁ kiṁ sandiṭṭhikaṁ hitvā kālikaṁ anudhāvissāma?

4.11

We shall eat in the evening, the morning, and at the wrong time of day.”

Sāyañceva mayaṁ bhuñjissāma pāto ca divā ca vikāle”ti.

5.1

Since those bhikkhū were unable to persuade the bhikkhū who were followers of Assaji and Punabbasuka, they approached the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.

Yato kho te bhikkhū nāsakkhiṁsu assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū saññāpetuṁ, atha yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:

5.2

“idha mayaṁ, bhante, yena assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū etadavocumha:

5.3

‘bhagavā kho, āvuso, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjati bhikkhusaṅgho ca;

5.4

aññatra kho panāvuso, rattibhojanā bhuñjamānā appābādhatañca sañjānanti appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañca.

5.5

Etha, tumhepi, āvuso, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjatha.

5.6

Aññatra kho panāvuso, tumhepi rattibhojanā bhuñjamānā appābādhatañca sañjānissatha appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañcā’ti.

5.7

Evaṁ vutte, bhante, assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū amhe etadavocuṁ:

5.8

‘mayaṁ kho, āvuso, sāyañceva bhuñjāma pāto ca divā ca vikāle.

5.9

Te mayaṁ sāyañceva bhuñjamānā pāto ca divā ca vikāle appābādhatañca sañjānāma appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañca.

5.10

Te mayaṁ kiṁ sandiṭṭhikaṁ hitvā kālikaṁ anudhāvissāma?

5.11

Sāyañceva mayaṁ bhuñjissāma pāto ca divā ca vikāle’ti.

5.12

Yato kho mayaṁ, bhante, nāsakkhimha assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū saññāpetuṁ, atha mayaṁ etamatthaṁ bhagavato ārocemā”ti.

6.1

So the Buddha addressed a certain monk,

Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṁ bhikkhuṁ āmantesi:

6.2

“Please, monk, in my name tell the bhikkhū who follow Assaji and Punabbasuka that

“ehi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū āmantehi:

6.3

the teacher summons them.”

‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’”ti.

6.4

“Yes, sir,” that monk replied. He went to those bhikkhū and said,

“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yena assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū etadavoca:

6.5

“Venerables, the teacher summons you.”

“satthā āyasmante āmantetī”ti.

6.6

“Yes, reverend,” those bhikkhū replied. They went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side.

“Evamāvuso”ti kho assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca:

6.7

The Buddha said to them, “Is it really true, bhikkhū, that several bhikkhū went to you and said:

“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, sambahulā bhikkhū tumhe upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṁ:

6.8

‘Reverends, the Buddha abstains from eating at night, and so does the bhikkhu Saṅgha.

‘bhagavā kho, āvuso, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjati bhikkhusaṅgho ca.

6.9

Doing so, they find that they’re healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.

Aññatra kho panāvuso, rattibhojanā bhuñjamānā appābādhatañca sañjānanti appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañca.

6.10

You too should abstain from eating at night.

Etha, tumhepi, āvuso, aññatreva rattibhojanā bhuñjatha.

6.11

Doing so, you’ll find that you’re healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.’

Aññatra kho panāvuso, tumhepi rattibhojanā bhuñjamānā appābādhatañca sañjānissatha appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañcā’ti.

6.12

When they said this, did you really say to them:

Evaṁ vutte, kira, bhikkhave, tumhe te bhikkhū evaṁ avacuttha:

6.13

‘Reverends, we eat in the evening, the morning, and at the wrong time of day.

‘mayaṁ kho panāvuso, sāyañceva bhuñjāma pāto ca divā ca vikāle.

6.14

Doing so, we find that we’re healthy and well, nimble, strong, and living comfortably.

Te mayaṁ sāyañceva bhuñjamānā pāto ca divā ca vikāle appābādhatañca sañjānāma appātaṅkatañca lahuṭṭhānañca balañca phāsuvihārañca.

6.15

Why should we give up what is visible in the present to chase after what takes effect over time?

Te mayaṁ kiṁ sandiṭṭhikaṁ hitvā kālikaṁ anudhāvissāma?

6.16

We shall eat in the evening, the morning, and at the wrong time of day.’”

Sāyañceva mayaṁ bhuñjissāma pāto ca divā ca vikāle’”ti.

6.17

“Yes, sir.”

“Evaṁ, bhante”.

6.18

“Bhikkhū, have you ever known me to teach the Dhamma like this: no matter what this individual experiences—pleasurable, painful, or neutral—their unskillful qualities decline and their skillful qualities grow?”

“Kiṁ nu me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānātha yaṁ kiñcāyaṁ purisapuggalo paṭisaṁvedeti sukhaṁ vā dukkhaṁ vā adukkhamasukhaṁ vā tassa akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī”ti?

6.19

“No, sir.”

“No hetaṁ, bhante”.

7.1

“Haven’t you known me to teach the Dhamma like this: ‘When someone feels this kind of pleasant feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline. But when someone feels that kind of pleasant feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow. When someone feels this kind of painful feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline. But when someone feels that kind of painful feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow. When someone feels this kind of neutral feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline. But when someone feels that kind of neutral feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow’?”

“Nanu me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānātha idhekaccassa yaṁ evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, idha panekaccassa evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, idha panekaccassa evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, idha panekaccassa evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī”ti?

7.2

“Yes, sir.”

“Evaṁ, bhante”.

8.1

“Good, bhikkhū!

“Sādhu, bhikkhave.

8.2

Now, suppose I hadn’t known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

Mayā cetaṁ, bhikkhave, aññātaṁ abhavissa adiṭṭhaṁ aviditaṁ asacchikataṁ aphassitaṁ paññāya:

8.3

‘When someone feels this kind of pleasant feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti,

8.4

Not knowing this, would it be appropriate for me to say: ‘You should give up this kind of pleasant feeling’?”

evāhaṁ ajānanto ‘evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ pajahathā’ti vadeyyaṁ; api nu me etaṁ, bhikkhave, patirūpaṁ abhavissā”ti?

8.5

“No, sir.”

“No hetaṁ, bhante”.

8.6

“But I have known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

“Yasmā ca kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, mayā ñātaṁ diṭṭhaṁ viditaṁ sacchikataṁ phassitaṁ paññāya:

8.7

‘When someone feels this kind of pleasant feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline.’ Since this is so, that’s why I say: ‘You should give up this kind of pleasant feeling.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, tasmāhaṁ ‘evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ pajahathā’ti vadāmi.

8.8

Now, suppose I hadn’t known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

Mayā cetaṁ, bhikkhave, aññātaṁ abhavissa adiṭṭhaṁ aviditaṁ asacchikataṁ aphassitaṁ paññāya:

8.9

‘When someone feels that kind of pleasant feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evāhaṁ ajānanto ‘evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ upasampajja viharathā’ti vadeyyaṁ;

8.10

Not knowing this, would it be appropriate for me to say: ‘You should enter and remain in that kind of pleasant feeling’?”

api nu me etaṁ, bhikkhave, patirūpaṁ abhavissā”ti?

8.11

“No, sir.”

“No hetaṁ, bhante”.

8.12

“But I have known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

“Yasmā ca kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, mayā ñātaṁ diṭṭhaṁ viditaṁ sacchikataṁ phassitaṁ paññāya:

8.13

‘When someone feels that kind of pleasant feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow.’ Since this is so, that’s why I say: ‘You should enter and remain in that kind of pleasant feeling.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, tasmāhaṁ ‘evarūpaṁ sukhaṁ vedanaṁ upasampajja viharathā’ti vadāmi.

8.14

Now, suppose I hadn’t known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

Mayā cetaṁ, bhikkhave, aññātaṁ abhavissa adiṭṭhaṁ aviditaṁ asacchikataṁ aphassitaṁ paññāya:

8.15

‘When someone feels this kind of painful feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evāhaṁ ajānanto ‘evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ pajahathā’ti vadeyyaṁ;

8.16

Not knowing this, would it be appropriate for me to say: ‘You should give up this kind of painful feeling’?”

api nu me etaṁ, bhikkhave, patirūpaṁ abhavissā”ti?

8.17

“No, sir.”

“No hetaṁ, bhante”.

9.1

“But I have known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

“Yasmā ca kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, mayā ñātaṁ diṭṭhaṁ viditaṁ sacchikataṁ phassitaṁ paññāya:

9.2

‘When someone feels this kind of painful feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline.’ Since this is so, that’s why I say: ‘You should give up this kind of painful feeling.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, tasmāhaṁ ‘evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ pajahathā’ti vadāmi.

9.3

Now, suppose I hadn’t known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

Mayā cetaṁ, bhikkhave, aññātaṁ abhavissa adiṭṭhaṁ aviditaṁ asacchikataṁ aphassitaṁ paññāya:

9.4

‘When someone feels that kind of painful feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evāhaṁ ajānanto ‘evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ upasampajja viharathā’ti vadeyyaṁ;

9.5

Not knowing this, would it be appropriate for me to say: ‘You should enter and remain in that kind of painful feeling’?”

api nu me etaṁ, bhikkhave, patirūpaṁ abhavissā”ti?

9.6

“No, sir.”

“No hetaṁ, bhante”.

9.7

“But I have known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

“Yasmā ca kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, mayā ñātaṁ diṭṭhaṁ viditaṁ sacchikataṁ phassitaṁ paññāya:

9.8

‘When someone feels that kind of painful feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow.’ Since this is so, that’s why I say: ‘You should enter and remain in that kind of painful feeling.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, tasmāhaṁ ‘evarūpaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ upasampajja viharathā’ti vadāmi.

10.1

Now, suppose I hadn’t known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

Mayā cetaṁ, bhikkhave, aññātaṁ abhavissa adiṭṭhaṁ aviditaṁ asacchikataṁ aphassitaṁ paññāya:

10.2

‘When someone feels this kind of neutral feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, evāhaṁ ajānanto ‘evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ pajahathā’ti vadeyyaṁ;

10.3

Not knowing this, would it be appropriate for me to say: ‘You should give up this kind of neutral feeling’?”

api nu me etaṁ, bhikkhave, patirūpaṁ abhavissā”ti?

10.4

“No, sir.”

“No hetaṁ, bhante”.

10.5

“But I have known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

“Yasmā ca kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, mayā ñātaṁ diṭṭhaṁ viditaṁ sacchikataṁ phassitaṁ paññāya:

10.6

‘When someone feels this kind of neutral feeling, unskillful qualities grow and skillful qualities decline.’ Since this is so, that’s why I say: ‘You should give up this kind of neutral feeling.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyantī’ti, tasmāhaṁ ‘evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ pajahathā’ti vadāmi.

10.7

Now, suppose I hadn’t known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

Mayā cetaṁ, bhikkhave, aññātaṁ abhavissa adiṭṭhaṁ aviditaṁ asacchikataṁ aphassitaṁ paññāya:

10.8

‘When someone feels that kind of neutral feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, evāhaṁ ajānanto ‘evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ upasampajja viharathā’ti vadeyyaṁ;

10.9

Not knowing this, would it be appropriate for me to say: ‘You should enter and remain in that kind of neutral feeling’?”

api nu me etaṁ, bhikkhave, patirūpaṁ abhavissā”ti?

10.10

“No, sir.”

“No hetaṁ, bhante”.

11.1

“But I have known, seen, understood, realized, and experienced this with wisdom:

“Yasmā ca kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, mayā ñātaṁ diṭṭhaṁ viditaṁ sacchikataṁ phassitaṁ paññāya:

11.2

‘When someone feels that kind of neutral feeling, unskillful qualities decline and skillful qualities grow.’ Since this is so, that’s why I say: ‘You should enter and remain in that kind of neutral feeling.’

‘idhekaccassa evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ vedayato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhantī’ti, tasmāhaṁ ‘evarūpaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedanaṁ upasampajja viharathā’ti vadāmi.

12.1

Bhikkhū, I don’t say that all these bhikkhū still have work to do with diligence.

Nāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sabbesaṁyeva bhikkhūnaṁ ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi;

12.2

Nor do I say that all these bhikkhū have no work to do with diligence.

na panāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sabbesaṁyeva bhikkhūnaṁ ‘na appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

12.3

I say that bhikkhū don’t have work to do with diligence if they are perfected, with cravings ended, having completed the spiritual journey, done what had to be done, laid down the burden, achieved their own goal, utterly ended the fetters of rebirth, and become rightly freed through enlightenment.

Ye te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū arahanto khīṇāsavā vusitavanto katakaraṇīyā ohitabhārā anuppattasadatthā parikkhīṇabhavasaṁyojanā sammadaññāvimuttā, tathārūpānāhaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ ‘na appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

12.4

Why is that?

Taṁ kissa hetu?

12.5

They’ve done their work with diligence.

Kataṁ tesaṁ appamādena.

12.6

They’re incapable of being negligent.

Abhabbā te pamajjituṁ.

13.1

I say that bhikkhū still have work to do with diligence if they are trainees, who haven’t achieved their heart’s desire, but live aspiring to the supreme sanctuary.

Ye ca kho te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū sekkhā appattamānasā anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ patthayamānā viharanti, tathārūpānāhaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

13.2

Why is that? Thinking:

Taṁ kissa hetu?

13.3

‘Hopefully this venerable will frequent appropriate lodgings, associate with good friends, and control their faculties.

Appeva nāmime āyasmanto anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamānā kalyāṇamitte bhajamānā indriyāni samannānayamānā—

13.4

Then they might realize the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life, and live having achieved with their own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.’

yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyunti.

13.5

Seeing this fruit of diligence for those bhikkhū, I say that they still have work to do with diligence.

Imaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, imesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ appamādaphalaṁ sampassamāno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

14.1

Bhikkhū, these seven people are found in the world.

Sattime, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ.

14.2

What seven?

Katame satta?

14.3

One freed both ways, one freed by wisdom, a personal witness, one attained to view, one freed by faith, a follower of the teachings, and a follower by faith.

Ubhatobhāgavimutto, paññāvimutto, kāyasakkhi, diṭṭhippatto, saddhāvimutto, dhammānusārī, saddhānusārī.

15.1

And what person is freed both ways?

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo ubhatobhāgavimutto?

15.2

It’s a person who has direct meditative experience of the peaceful liberations that are formless, transcending form. And, having seen with wisdom, their cravings have come to an end.

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā te kāyena phusitvā viharati paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti.

15.3

This person is called freed both ways.

Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo ubhatobhāgavimutto

15.4

And I say that this bhikkhu has no work to do with diligence.

imassa kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘na appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

15.5

Why is that?

Taṁ kissa hetu?

15.6

They’ve done their work with diligence.

Kataṁ tassa appamādena.

15.7

They’re incapable of being negligent.

Abhabbo so pamajjituṁ.

16.1

And what person is freed by wisdom?

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo paññāvimutto?

16.2

It’s a person who does not have direct meditative experience of the peaceful liberations that are formless, transcending form. Nevertheless, having seen with wisdom, their cravings have come to an end.

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā te na kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti.

16.3

This person is called freed by wisdom.

Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo paññāvimutto.

16.4

I say that this bhikkhu has no work to do with diligence.

Imassapi kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘na appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

16.5

Why is that?

Taṁ kissa hetu?

16.6

They’ve done their work with diligence.

Kataṁ tassa appamādena.

16.7

They’re incapable of being negligent.

Abhabbo so pamajjituṁ.

17.1

And what person is a personal witness?

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo kāyasakkhi?

17.2

It’s a person who has direct meditative experience of the peaceful liberations that are formless, transcending form. And, having seen with wisdom, some of their cravings have come to an end.

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā te kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti.

17.3

This person is called a personal witness.

Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo kāyasakkhi.

17.4

I say that this bhikkhu still has work to do with diligence.

Imassa kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

17.5

Why is that? Thinking:

Taṁ kissa hetu?

17.6

‘Hopefully this venerable will frequent appropriate lodgings, associate with good friends, and control their faculties.

Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno—

17.7

yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyāti.

17.8

Seeing this fruit of diligence for this bhikkhu, I say that they still have work to do with diligence.

Imaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, imassa bhikkhuno appamādaphalaṁ sampassamāno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

18.1

And what person is attained to view?

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo diṭṭhippatto?

18.2

It’s a person who doesn’t have direct meditative experience of the peaceful liberations that are formless, transcending form. Nevertheless, having seen with wisdom, some of their cravings have come to an end. And they have clearly seen and clearly contemplated with wisdom the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One.

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā te na kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti, tathāgatappaveditā cassa dhammā paññāya vodiṭṭhā honti vocaritā.

18.3

This person is called attained to view.

Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo diṭṭhippatto.

18.4

I say that this bhikkhu also still has work to do with diligence.

Imassapi kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

18.5

Why is that? Thinking:

Taṁ kissa hetu?

18.6

‘Hopefully this venerable will frequent appropriate lodgings, associate with good friends, and control their faculties.

Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno—

18.7

yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyāti.

18.8

Seeing this fruit of diligence for this bhikkhu, I say that they still have work to do with diligence.

Imaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, imassa bhikkhuno appamādaphalaṁ sampassamāno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

19.1

And what person is freed by faith?

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo saddhāvimutto.

19.2

It’s a person who doesn’t have direct meditative experience of the peaceful liberations that are formless, transcending form. Nevertheless, having seen with wisdom, some of their cravings have come to an end. And their faith is settled, rooted, and planted in the Realized One.

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā te na kāyena phusitvā viharati, paññāya cassa disvā ekacce āsavā parikkhīṇā honti, tathāgate cassa saddhā niviṭṭhā hoti mūlajātā patiṭṭhitā.

19.3

This person is called freed by faith.

Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo saddhāvimutto.

19.4

I say that this bhikkhu also still has work to do with diligence.

Imassapi kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

19.5

Why is that? Thinking:

Taṁ kissa hetu?

19.6

‘Hopefully this venerable will frequent appropriate lodgings, associate with good friends, and control their faculties.

Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno—

19.7

yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyāti.

19.8

Seeing this fruit of diligence for this bhikkhu, I say that they still have work to do with diligence.

Imaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, imassa bhikkhuno appamādaphalaṁ sampassamāno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

20.1

And what person is a follower of the teachings?

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo dhammānusārī?

20.2

It’s a person who doesn’t have direct meditative experience of the peaceful liberations that are formless, transcending form. Nevertheless, having seen with wisdom, some of their cravings have come to an end. And they accept the teachings proclaimed by the Realized One after considering them with a degree of wisdom. And they have the following qualities:

20.3

the faculties of faith, energy, mindfulness, samādhi, and wisdom.

saddhindriyaṁ, vīriyindriyaṁ, satindriyaṁ, samādhindriyaṁ, paññindriyaṁ.

20.4

This person is called a follower of the teachings.

Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo dhammānusārī.

20.5

I say that this bhikkhu also still has work to do with diligence.

Imassapi kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

20.6

Why is that? Thinking:

Taṁ kissa hetu?

20.7

‘Hopefully this venerable will frequent appropriate lodgings, associate with good friends, and control their faculties.

Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno—

20.8

yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyāti.

20.9

Seeing this fruit of diligence for this bhikkhu, I say that they still have work to do with diligence.

Imaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, imassa bhikkhuno appamādaphalaṁ sampassamāno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

21.1

And what person is a follower by faith?

Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo saddhānusārī?

21.2

It’s a person who doesn’t have direct meditative experience of the peaceful liberations that are formless, transcending form. Nevertheless, having seen with wisdom, some of their cravings have come to an end. And they have a degree of faith and love for the Realized One. And they have the following qualities:

21.3

the faculties of faith, energy, mindfulness, samādhi, and wisdom.

saddhindriyaṁ, vīriyindriyaṁ, satindriyaṁ, samādhindriyaṁ, paññindriyaṁ.

21.4

This person is called a follower by faith.

Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo saddhānusārī.

21.5

I say that this bhikkhu also still has work to do with diligence.

Imassapi kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

21.6

Why is that? Thinking:

Taṁ kissa hetu?

21.7

‘Hopefully this venerable will frequent appropriate lodgings, associate with good friends, and control their faculties.

Appeva nāma ayamāyasmā anulomikāni senāsanāni paṭisevamāno kalyāṇamitte bhajamāno indriyāni samannānayamāno—

21.8

yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyāti.

21.9

Seeing this fruit of diligence for this bhikkhu, I say that they still have work to do with diligence.

Imaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, imassa bhikkhuno appamādaphalaṁ sampassamāno ‘appamādena karaṇīyan’ti vadāmi.

22.1

Bhikkhū, I don’t say that enlightenment is achieved right away.

Nāhaṁ, bhikkhave, ādikeneva aññārādhanaṁ vadāmi;

22.2

Rather, enlightenment is achieved by gradual training, progress, and practice.

api ca, bhikkhave, anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā aññārādhanā hoti.

23.1

And how is enlightenment achieved by gradual training, progress, and practice?

Kathañca, bhikkhave, anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā aññārādhanā hoti?

23.2

It’s when someone in whom faith has arisen approaches a teacher. They pay homage, lend an ear, hear the teachings, remember the teachings, reflect on their meaning, and accept them after consideration. Then enthusiasm springs up; they make an effort, weigh up, and persevere. Persevering, they directly realize the ultimate truth, and see it with penetrating wisdom.

Idha, bhikkhave, saddhājāto upasaṅkamati, upasaṅkamanto payirupāsati, payirupāsanto sotaṁ odahati, ohitasoto dhammaṁ suṇāti, sutvā dhammaṁ dhāreti, dhatānaṁ dhammānaṁ atthaṁ upaparikkhati, atthaṁ upaparikkhato dhammā nijjhānaṁ khamanti, dhammanijjhānakkhantiyā sati chando jāyati, chandajāto ussahati, ussāhetvā tuleti, tulayitvā padahati, pahitatto samāno kāyena ceva paramasaccaṁ sacchikaroti, paññāya ca naṁ ativijjha passati.

24.1

Bhikkhū, there has not been that faith,

Sāpi nāma, bhikkhave, saddhā nāhosi;

24.2

that approaching,

tampi nāma, bhikkhave, upasaṅkamanaṁ nāhosi;

24.3

that paying homage,

sāpi nāma, bhikkhave, payirupāsanā nāhosi;

24.4

that listening,

tampi nāma, bhikkhave, sotāvadhānaṁ nāhosi;

24.5

that hearing the teachings,

tampi nāma, bhikkhave, dhammassavanaṁ nāhosi;

24.6

that remembering the teachings,

sāpi nāma, bhikkhave, dhammadhāraṇā nāhosi;

24.7

that reflecting on their meaning,

sāpi nāma, bhikkhave, atthūpaparikkhā nāhosi;

24.8

that acceptance after consideration,

sāpi nāma, bhikkhave, dhammanijjhānakkhanti nāhosi;

24.9

that enthusiasm,

sopi nāma, bhikkhave, chando nāhosi;

24.10

that making an effort,

sopi nāma, bhikkhave, ussāho nāhosi;

24.11

that weighing up,

sāpi nāma, bhikkhave, tulanā nāhosi;

24.12

or that striving.

tampi nāma, bhikkhave, padhānaṁ nāhosi.

24.13

You’ve lost the way, bhikkhū! You’re practicing the wrong way!

Vippaṭipannāttha, bhikkhave, micchāpaṭipannāttha, bhikkhave.

24.14

Just how far have these foolish people strayed from this teaching and training!

Kīva dūrevime, bhikkhave, moghapurisā apakkantā imamhā dhammavinayā.

25.1

There is an exposition in four parts, which a sensible person would quickly understand when it is recited.

Atthi, bhikkhave, catuppadaṁ veyyākaraṇaṁ yassuddiṭṭhassa viññū puriso nacirasseva paññāyatthaṁ ājāneyya.

25.2

I shall recite it for you, bhikkhū. Try to understand it.”

Uddisissāmi vo, bhikkhave, ājānissatha me tan”ti?

25.3

“Sir, who are we to be counted alongside those who understand the teaching?”

“Ke ca mayaṁ, bhante, ke ca dhammassa aññātāro”ti?

26.1

“Even with a teacher who values material things, is an heir in material things, who lives caught up in material things, you wouldn’t get into such haggling:

“Yopi so, bhikkhave, satthā āmisagaru āmisadāyādo āmisehi saṁsaṭṭho viharati tassa pāyaṁ evarūpī paṇopaṇaviyā na upeti:

26.2

‘If we get this, we’ll do that. If we don’t get this, we won’t do it.’ What then of the Realized One, who lives utterly detached from material things?

‘evañca no assa atha naṁ kareyyāma, na ca no evamassa na naṁ kareyyāmā’ti, kiṁ pana, bhikkhave, yaṁ tathāgato sabbaso āmisehi visaṁsaṭṭho viharati.

27.1

For a faithful disciple who is practicing to fathom the Teacher’s instructions, this is in line with the teaching:

Saddhassa, bhikkhave, sāvakassa satthusāsane pariyogāhiya vattato ayamanudhammo hoti:

27.2

‘The Buddha is my Teacher, I am his disciple.

‘satthā bhagavā, sāvakohamasmi;

27.3

The Buddha knows, I do not know.’

jānāti bhagavā, nāhaṁ jānāmī’ti.

27.4

For a faithful disciple who is practicing to fathom the Teacher’s instructions, the Teacher’s instructions are nourishing and nutritious.

Saddhassa, bhikkhave, sāvakassa satthusāsane pariyogāhiya vattato ruḷhanīyaṁ satthusāsanaṁ hoti ojavantaṁ.

27.5

For a faithful disciple who is practicing to fathom the Teacher’s instructions, this is in line with the teaching:

Saddhassa, bhikkhave, sāvakassa satthusāsane pariyogāhiya vattato ayamanudhammo hoti:

27.6

‘Gladly, let only skin, sinews, and bones remain! Let the flesh and blood waste away in my body! I will not relax my energy until I have achieved what is possible by human strength, energy, and vigor.’

‘kāmaṁ taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu, sarīre upassussatu maṁsalohitaṁ, yaṁ taṁ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṁ na taṁ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṁ bhavissatī’ti.

27.7

A faithful disciple who is practicing to fathom the Teacher’s instructions can expect one of two results:

Saddhassa, bhikkhave, sāvakassa satthusāsane pariyogāhiya vattato dvinnaṁ phalānaṁ aññataraṁ phalaṁ pāṭikaṅkhaṁ—

27.8

enlightenment in the present life, or if there’s something left over, non-return.”

diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā”ti.

27.9

That is what the Buddha said.

Idamavoca bhagavā.

27.10

Satisfied, the bhikkhū were happy with what the Buddha said.

Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.

27.11

Kīṭāgirisuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

27.12

Bhikkhuvaggo niṭṭhito dutiyo.

28.0

Tassuddānaṁ

28.1

Kuñjara rāhula sassataloko,

28.2

Mālukyaputto ca bhaddāli nāmo;

28.3

Khudda dijātha sahampatiyācaṁ,

28.4

Nāḷaka raññikiṭāgirināmo.