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Numbered Discourses 10.75 – Aṅguttara Nikāya 10.75
8. If You Want – 8. Ākaṅkhavagga
AN 10.75 With Migasālā – Migasālāsutta
1.1
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.
Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
1.2
Then Venerable Ānanda robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the laywoman Migasālā, where he sat on the seat spread out.
Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena migasālāya upāsikāya nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.
1.3
Then the laywoman Migasālā went up to Ānanda, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:
Atha kho migasālā upāsikā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho migasālā upāsikā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:
2.1
“Sir, Ānanda, how on earth are we supposed to understand the teaching taught by the Buddha, when the chaste and the unchaste are both reborn in exactly the same place in the next life?
“Kathaṁ kathaṁ nāmāyaṁ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāyaṁ.
2.2
My father Purāṇa was celibate, set apart, avoiding the common practice of sex.
Pitā me, bhante, purāṇo brahmacārī hoti ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā.
2.3
When he passed away the Buddha declared that he was a once-returner, who was reborn in the company of the Joyful Gods.
So kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato: ‘sakadāgāmī satto tusitaṁ kāyaṁ upapanno’ti.
2.4
But my uncle Isidatta was not celibate; he lived content with his wife.
Pitāmaho me, bhante, isidatto abrahmacārī ahosi sadārasantuṭṭho.
2.5
When he passed away the Buddha declared that he was also a once-returner, who was reborn in the company of the Joyful Gods.
Sopi kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato: ‘sakadāgāmī satto tusitaṁ kāyaṁ upapanno’ti.
3.1
How on earth are we supposed to understand the teaching taught by the Buddha, when the chaste and the unchaste are both reborn in exactly the same place in the next life?”
Kathaṁ kathaṁ nāmāyaṁ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāyan”ti?
3.2
“You’re right, sister, but that’s how the Buddha declared it.”
“Evaṁ kho panetaṁ, bhagini, bhagavatā byākatan”ti.
4.1
Then Ānanda, after receiving almsfood at Migasālā’s home, rose from his seat and left.
Atha kho āyasmā ānando migasālāya upāsikāya nivesane piṇḍapātaṁ gahetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
4.2
Then after the meal, on his return from almsround, Ānanda went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.
Atha kho āyasmā ānando pacchābhattaṁ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
5.1
“Idhāhaṁ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena migasālāya upāsikāya nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdiṁ.
5.2
Atha kho, bhante, migasālā upāsikā yenāhaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho, bhante, migasālā upāsikā maṁ etadavoca:
6.1
‘Kathaṁ kathaṁ nāmāyaṁ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāyaṁ.
6.2
Pitā me, bhante, purāṇo brahmacārī ahosi ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā.
6.3
So kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato sakadāgāmī satto tusitaṁ kāyaṁ upapannoti.
6.4
Pitāmaho me, bhante, isidatto abrahmacārī ahosi sadārasantuṭṭho.
6.5
Sopi kālaṅkato bhagavatā byākato—sakadāgāmī satto tusitaṁ kāyaṁ upapannoti.
7.1
Kathaṁ kathaṁ nāmāyaṁ, bhante ānanda, bhagavatā dhammo desito aññeyyo, yatra hi nāma brahmacārī ca abrahmacārī ca ubho samasamagatikā bhavissanti abhisamparāyan’ti?
7.2
Evaṁ vutte, ahaṁ, bhante, migasālaṁ upāsikaṁ etadavocaṁ:
7.3
‘evaṁ kho panetaṁ, bhagini, bhagavatā byākatan’”ti.
8.1
“Ānanda, who is this laywoman Migasālā, a foolish incompetent aunty, with an aunty’s wit? And who is it that knows how to assess individuals?
“Kā cānanda, migasālā upāsikā bālā abyattā ammakā ammakapaññā, ke ca purisapuggalaparopariye ñāṇe?
9.1
These ten people are found in the world.
Dasayime, ānanda, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ.
9.2
What ten?
Katame dasa?
9.3
Take a certain person who is unethical.
Idhānanda, ekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti.
9.4
And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that unethical conduct ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti, yatthassa taṁ dussilyaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati.
9.5
And they’ve not listened or learned or comprehended theoretically or found even temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi akataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ na labhati.
9.6
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a lower place, not a higher.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya;
9.7
They’re going to a lower place, not a higher.
hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
10.1
Take a certain person who is unethical.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo dussīlo hoti.
10.2
But they truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that unethical conduct ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa taṁ dussilyaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati.
10.3
And they have listened and learned and comprehended theoretically and found at least temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi kataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ labhati.
10.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a higher place, not a lower.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya;
10.5
They’re going to a higher place, not a lower.
visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
11.1
Judgmental people compare them, saying:
Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti:
11.2
‘This one has just the same qualities as the other, so why is one worse and one better?’
‘imassapi teva dhammā, aparassapi teva dhammā. Kasmā nesaṁ eko hīno eko paṇīto’ti?
11.3
This will be for their lasting harm and suffering.
Tañhi tesaṁ, ānanda, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya.
12.1
In this case, the person who is unethical,
Tatrānanda, yvāyaṁ puggalo dussīlo hoti.
12.2
but truly understands the freedom of heart …
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa taṁ dussilyaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati.
12.3
and has listened and learned and comprehended theoretically and found at least temporary freedom
Tassa savanenapi kataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ labhati.
12.4
is better and finer than the other person.
Ayaṁ, ānanda, puggalo amunā purimena puggalena abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca.
12.5
Why is that?
Taṁ kissa hetu?
12.6
Because the stream of the teaching carries them along.
Imaṁ hānanda, puggalaṁ dhammasoto nibbahati.
12.7
But who knows the difference between them except a Realized One?
Tadantaraṁ ko jāneyya, aññatra tathāgatena.
12.8
So, Ānanda, don’t be judgmental about people.
Tasmātihānanda, mā puggalesu pamāṇikā ahuvattha,
12.9
Don’t pass judgment on people.
mā puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇhittha.
12.10
Those who pass judgment on people harm themselves.
Khaññati hānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇhanto.
12.11
I, or someone like me, may pass judgment on people.
Ahaṁ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇheyyaṁ yo vā panassa mādiso.
13.1
Take a certain person who is ethical.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti.
13.2
But they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that ethical conduct ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti yatthassa taṁ sīlaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati.
13.3
And they’ve not listened or learned or comprehended theoretically or found even temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi akataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ na labhati.
13.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a lower place, not a higher.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya;
13.5
They’re going to a lower place, not a higher.
hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
14.1
Take a certain person who is ethical.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo sīlavā hoti.
14.2
And they truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that ethical conduct ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa taṁ sīlaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati.
14.3
And they’ve listened and learned and comprehended theoretically and found at least temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi kataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ labhati.
14.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a higher place, not a lower.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya;
14.5
They’re going to a higher place, not a lower.
visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
15.1
Judgmental people compare them …
Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti …pe…
15.2
I, or someone like me, may pass judgment on people.
ahaṁ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇheyyaṁ yo vā panassa mādiso.
16.1
Take a certain person who is very lustful.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo tibbarāgo hoti.
16.2
And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that lust ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti yatthassa so rāgo apariseso nirujjhati.
16.3
And they’ve not listened or learned or comprehended theoretically or found even temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi akataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ na labhati.
16.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a lower place, not a higher.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya;
16.5
They’re going to a lower place, not a higher.
hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
17.1
Take a certain person who is very lustful.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo tibbarāgo hoti.
17.2
But they truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that lust ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa so rāgo apariseso nirujjhati.
17.3
And they’ve listened and learned and comprehended theoretically and found at least temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi kataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ labhati.
17.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a higher place, not a lower.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya;
17.5
They’re going to a higher place, not a lower.
visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
18.1
Judgmental people compare them …
Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti …pe…
18.2
I, or someone like me, may pass judgment on people.
ahaṁ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇheyyaṁ yo vā panassa mādiso.
19.1
Take a certain person who is irritable.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo kodhano hoti.
19.2
And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that anger ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti yatthassa so kodho apariseso nirujjhati.
19.3
And they’ve not listened or learned or comprehended theoretically or found even temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi akataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ na labhati.
19.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a lower place, not a higher.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya;
19.5
They’re going to a lower place, not a higher.
hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
20.1
Take a certain person who is irritable.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo kodhano hoti.
20.2
But they truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that anger ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa so kodho apariseso nirujjhati.
20.3
And they’ve listened and learned and comprehended theoretically and found at least temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi kataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ labhati.
20.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a higher place, not a lower.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya;
20.5
They’re going to a higher place, not a lower.
visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
21.1
Judgmental people compare them …
Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti …pe…
21.2
I, or someone like me, may pass judgment on people.
ahaṁ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇheyyaṁ yo vā panassa mādiso.
22.1
Take a certain person who is restless.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo uddhato hoti.
22.2
And they don’t truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that restlessness ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti yatthassa taṁ uddhaccaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati.
22.3
And they’ve not listened or learned or comprehended theoretically or found even temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi akataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi akataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi appaṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ na labhati.
22.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a lower place, not a higher.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā hānāya pareti, no visesāya;
22.5
They’re going to a lower place, not a higher.
hānagāmīyeva hoti, no visesagāmī.
23.1
Take a certain person who is restless.
Idha panānanda, ekacco puggalo uddhato hoti.
23.2
But they truly understand the freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom where that restlessness ceases without anything left over.
Tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa taṁ uddhaccaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati.
23.3
And they’ve listened and learned and comprehended theoretically and found at least temporary freedom.
Tassa savanenapi kataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ labhati.
23.4
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re headed for a higher place, not a lower.
So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā visesāya pareti, no hānāya;
23.5
They’re going to a higher place, not a lower.
visesagāmīyeva hoti, no hānagāmī.
24.1
Judgmental people compare them, saying:
Tatrānanda, pamāṇikā pamiṇanti:
24.2
‘This one has just the same qualities as the other, so why is one worse and one better?’
‘imassapi teva dhammā, aparassapi teva dhammā. Kasmā nesaṁ eko hīno eko paṇīto’ti?
24.3
This will be for their lasting harm and suffering.
Tañhi tesaṁ, ānanda, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya.
25.1
In this case the person who is restless, but truly understands the freedom of heart …
Tatrānanda, yvāyaṁ puggalo uddhato hoti tañca cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti yatthassa taṁ uddhaccaṁ aparisesaṁ nirujjhati,
25.2
and has listened and learned and comprehended theoretically and found at least temporary freedom
tassa savanenapi kataṁ hoti, bāhusaccenapi kataṁ hoti, diṭṭhiyāpi paṭividdhaṁ hoti, sāmāyikampi vimuttiṁ labhati.
25.3
is better and finer than the other person.
Ayaṁ, ānanda, puggalo amunā purimena puggalena abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca.
25.4
Why is that?
Taṁ kissa hetu?
25.5
Because the stream of the teaching carries them along.
Imaṁ hānanda, puggalaṁ dhammasoto nibbahati.
25.6
But who knows the difference between them except a Realized One?
Tadantaraṁ ko jāneyya aññatra tathāgatena.
25.7
So, Ānanda, don’t be judgmental about people.
Tasmātihānanda, mā puggalesu pamāṇikā ahuvattha;
25.8
Don’t pass judgment on people.
mā puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇhittha.
25.9
Those who pass judgment on people harm themselves.
Khaññati hānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇhanto.
25.10
I, or someone like me, may pass judgment on people.
Ahaṁ vā, ānanda, puggalesu pamāṇaṁ gaṇheyyaṁ yo vā panassa mādiso.
26.1
Who is this laywoman Migasālā, a foolish incompetent aunty, with an aunty’s wit? And who is it that knows how to assess individuals?
Kā cānanda, migasālā upāsikā bālā abyattā ammakā ammakapaññā, ke ca purisapuggalaparopariye ñāṇe.
26.2
These ten people are found in the world.
Ime kho, ānanda, dasa puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ.
27.1
If Isidatta had achieved Purāṇa’s level of ethical conduct, Purāṇa could not have even known Isidatta’s destination.
Yathārūpena, ānanda, sīlena purāṇo samannāgato ahosi tathārūpena sīlena isidatto samannāgato abhavissa, nayidha purāṇo isidattassa gatimpi aññassa.
27.2
And if Purāṇa had achieved Isidatta’s level of wisdom, Isidatta could not have even known Purāṇa’s destination.
Yathārūpāya cānanda, paññāya isidatto samannāgato ahosi tathārūpāya paññāya purāṇo samannāgato abhavissa, nayidha isidatto purāṇassa gatimpi aññassa.
27.3
So both individuals were lacking in one respect.”
Iti kho, ānanda, ime puggalā ubho ekaṅgahīnā”ti.
27.4
Pañcamaṁ.