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Linked Discourses 43.12 – Saṁyutta Nikāya 43.12
Chapter Two – 2. Dutiyavagga
SN 43.12 The Unconditioned – Asaṅkhatasutta
“Bhikkhū, I will teach you the unconditioned and the path that leads to the unconditioned.
“Asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi asaṅkhatagāmiñca maggaṁ.
Listen …
Taṁ suṇātha.
And what is the unconditioned?
Katamañca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhataṁ?
The ending of greed, hate, and delusion.
Yo, bhikkhave, rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo—
This is called the unconditioned.
idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhataṁ.
And what is the path that leads to the unconditioned?
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Serenity.
Samatho.
This is called the path that leads to the unconditioned.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo.
So, bhikkhū, I’ve taught you the unconditioned and the path that leads to the unconditioned.
Iti kho, bhikkhave, desitaṁ vo mayā asaṅkhataṁ, desito asaṅkhatagāmimaggo.
Out of compassion, I’ve done what a teacher should do who wants what’s best for their disciples.
Yaṁ, bhikkhave, satthārā karaṇīyaṁ sāvakānaṁ hitesinā anukampakena anukampaṁ upādāya, kataṁ vo taṁ mayā.
Here are these roots of trees, and here are these empty huts. Practice absorption, bhikkhū! Don’t be negligent! Don’t regret it later! This is my instruction to you.”
Etāni, bhikkhave, rukkhamūlāni, etāni suññāgārāni. Jhāyatha, bhikkhave, mā pamādattha; mā pacchā vippaṭisārino ahuvattha. Ayaṁ vo amhākaṁ anusāsanīti.
“Bhikkhū, I will teach you the unconditioned and the path that leads to the unconditioned.
Asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi asaṅkhatagāmiñca maggaṁ.
Listen …
Taṁ suṇātha.
And what is the unconditioned?
Katamañca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhataṁ?
The ending of greed, hate, and delusion.
Yo, bhikkhave, rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo—
This is called the unconditioned.
idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhataṁ.
And what is the path that leads to the unconditioned?
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Discernment.
Vipassanā.
This is called the path that leads to the unconditioned. …”
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo.
Iti kho, bhikkhave, desitaṁ vo mayā asaṅkhataṁ …pe…
ayaṁ vo amhākaṁ anusāsanīti.
“And what is the path that leads to the unconditioned?
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Samādhi with placing the mind and keeping it connected. …
Savitakko savicāro samādhi.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Samādhi without placing the mind, but just keeping it connected. …
Avitakko vicāramatto samādhi.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Samādhi without placing the mind or keeping it connected. …
Avitakko avicāro samādhi. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Emptiness samādhi. …
Suññato samādhi.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Signless samādhi. …
Animitto samādhi.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
Undirected samādhi. …
Appaṇihito samādhi. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu meditates by observing an aspect of the body—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of desire and aversion for the world. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu meditates by observing an aspect of feelings …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu meditates by observing an aspect of the mind …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu citte cittānupassī viharati …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu meditates by observing an aspect of principles …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati …pe… ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ anuppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities are given up. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that skillful qualities arise. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ uppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are fulfilled by development.
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu develops the basis of psychic power that has samādhi due to enthusiasm, and active effort. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu develops the basis of psychic power that has samādhi due to energy …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
samādhi due to mental development …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
samādhi due to inquiry, and active effort. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīmaṁsasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu develops the faculty of faith, which relies on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripens as letting go. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saddhindriyaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu develops the faculty of energy …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīriyindriyaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
mindfulness …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satindriyaṁ bhāveti …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
samādhi …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu samādhindriyaṁ bhāveti …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
wisdom, which relies on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripens as letting go. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paññindriyaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu develops the power of faith …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saddhābalaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
energy …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīriyabalaṁ bhāveti …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
mindfulness …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satibalaṁ bhāveti …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
samādhi …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu samādhibalaṁ bhāveti …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
wisdom, which relies on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripens as letting go. …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paññābalaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu develops the awakening factor of mindfulness …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ …pe…
ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
investigation of principles …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti …pe…
energy …
vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti …pe…
rapture …
pītisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti …pe…
tranquility …
passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti …pe…
samādhi …
samādhisambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti …pe…
equanimity, which relies on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripens as letting go.
upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ. Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe….
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
A bhikkhu develops right view …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo …pe…
katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
right thought …
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammāsaṅkappaṁ bhāveti …pe…
right speech …
sammāvācaṁ bhāveti …pe…
right action …
sammākammantaṁ bhāveti …pe…
right livelihood …
sammāājīvaṁ bhāveti …pe…
right effort …
sammāvāyāmaṁ bhāveti …pe…
right mindfulness …
sammāsatiṁ bhāveti …pe…
asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi asaṅkhatagāmiñca maggaṁ.
Taṁ suṇātha.
Katamañca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhataṁ …pe…?
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo?
right samādhi, which relies on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripens as letting go.
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammāsamādhiṁ bhāveti vivekanissitaṁ virāganissitaṁ nirodhanissitaṁ vossaggapariṇāmiṁ.
This is called the path that leads to the unconditioned.
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo.
So, bhikkhū, I’ve taught you the unconditioned and the path that leads to the unconditioned.
Iti kho, bhikkhave, desitaṁ vo mayā asaṅkhataṁ, desito asaṅkhatagāmimaggo.
Out of compassion, I’ve done what a teacher should do who wants what’s best for their disciples.
Yaṁ, bhikkhave, satthārā karaṇīyaṁ sāvakānaṁ hitesinā anukampakena anukampaṁ upādāya, kataṁ vo taṁ mayā.
Here are these roots of trees, and here are these empty huts. Practice absorption, bhikkhū! Don’t be negligent! Don’t regret it later! This is my instruction to you.”
Etāni, bhikkhave, rukkhamūlāni, etāni suññāgārāni. Jhāyatha, bhikkhave, mā pamādattha; mā pacchā vippaṭisārino ahuvattha. Ayaṁ vo amhākaṁ anusāsanī”ti.